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Moss/Rowlands Chapter 11
Intro to Genetics
20
Biology
10th Grade
08/23/2014

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Term
Genetics
Definition
The scientific study of heredity.
Term
Fertilization
Definition
Produces a new cell, which develops into a tiny embryo encased within a seed.
Term
True-breeding
Definition
Organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate.
Term
Trait
Definition
Specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another.
Term
Hybrids
Definition
Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits.
Term
Genes
Definition
Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait.
Term
Alleles
Definition
One of a number of different forms of a gene.
Term
Segregation
Definition
Separation of alleles during gamete formation.
Term
Gametes
Definition
Specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction.
Term
Probability
Definition
Likelihood that a particular event will occur.
Term
Punnett Square
Definition
Diagram showing the gene combination that might result from a genetic cross.
Term
Homozygous
Definition
Organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait.
Term
Heterozygous
Definition
An organism that has two different alleles for the same trait.
Term
Phenotype
Definition
Physical characteristics of an organism.
Term
Genotype
Definition
Genetic makeup of an organism.
Term
Independent Assortment
Definition
Independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes.
Term
Incomplete Dominance
Definition
Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another.
Term
Codominance
Definition
Situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism.
Term
Multiple Alleles
Definition
Three or more Alleles of the same gene.
Term
Polygenic Traits
Definition
Traits controlled by two or more genes.
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