Portonaccio Temple, Veii

an archaeological site located next to the west side of the plateau on which the ancient Etruscan city of Veio, north of Rome, Italy, was located.

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1.     Apollo from Veii

over-life-size painted terracotta Etruscan statue of Apollo

decorated the roof beams of the Temple of Veio in Portonaccio, a sanctuary dedicated to Minerva

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 Tombs, Cerveteri

most famous attraction of Cerveteri is the Necropoli della Banditaccia

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1.     Tombs, Tarquinia

also known as Monterozzi, contains 6,000 graves cut in the rock. It is famous for its 200 painted tombs, the earliest of which date from the 7th century BC.

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wall built to protect the Palatine Hill, the center-most of the Seven Hills of Rome, in one of the oldest parts of the city of Rome. Ancient tradition holds that this wall was built by Romulus.

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around 510 BC; Frontal columns, high podium; characteristics that went on to become associated with roman temple architecture

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The greatest sewer main sewer of Rome, created by Tarquinius Superbus.

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local goddess. At S. Omobono temples. Early 4th c. BCE - typical Etruscan/roman plan tripartide and columns in antis - these two (it is next to Temple of Fortuna) are very close together w/ narrow space in between.

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Rpublican temple that combines Etruscan plans and Greek elevations. Has Ionic order but has a staricase and freestanding columns only at the front.

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House on slopes of

During the ancient Republican era many temples and houses of leading citizens were built on the Palatine, and during the Roman Empire it became the city’s aristocratic quarter.

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overlie an ancient tomb or altar and a stone block with one of the earliest known Latin inscriptions (ca. 570–550 BC). The superstructure monument and shrine may have been built by Julius Caesar during his reorganization of the Forum and Comitium space

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defensive barrier constructed around the city of Rome in the early 4th century BC. The wall was up to 10 metres (32.8 ft) in height in places, 3.6 metres (12 ft) wide at its base, 11 km (7 mi) long,^[1] and is believed to have had 16 main gates, though many of these are mentioned only from writings, with no other known remains.

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a monopteros, a round temple of Greek 'peripteral' design completely encircled by a colonnade. This layout caused it to be mistaken for a temple of Vesta until it was correctly identified by Napoleon's Prefect of Rome, Camille de Tournon.

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Closely linked to the late 3rd c. BC river port built south of the Aventino hill, the Porticus Aemilia was a vast complex of warehouses situated in the area behind the Emporium or a market for wares.

"Vegetable-sellers' market") was the site of a commercial marketplace (macellum)^[1] for vegetables, herbs and oil in ancient Rome. It was "oddly located" outside the Porta Carmentalis in the Campus Martius, crowded between the Forum Boarium ("Cattle Market") and buildings location in the Circus Flaminius

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Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus built the Temples of Jupiter Stator and of Juno Regina, enclosing them with a portico (Porticus Metelli): Juno's temple was to the north, Jupiter's to the south. After 14 B.C., Augustus rebuilt the portico and renamed it the Porticus Octaviae. The temples are famous for the many important works of art that they contained; Jupiter's is also noteworthy because it was the first temple built of marble in Rome.

      Round Temple on the Tiber

round temple in the Forum Boarium is sometimes erroneously called the “Temple of Vesta.” Its identification is unknown but the probability favors a dedication to Hercules, who had three temples in this area of the city. The building is the oldest preserved in the city built of marble, dating to the second century B.C. It was restored under Tiberius. It still exists because it was converted into the church of S. Stefano in the middle ages.

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a square in Rome, Italy, that hosts four Republican Roman temples, and the remains of Pompey's Theatre. It is located in the ancient Campus Martius.

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a circular temple (tholus) with six columns remaining, was built by Quintus Lutatius Catulus in 101 BC in fulfillment of his vow at the Battle of Vercellae. The temple (aedes) was devoted to Fortuna Huiusce Diei, "the Fortune of This Day." The colossal statue found during excavations and now kept in the Capitoline Museums was the statue of the goddess herself. Only the head, the arms, and the legs were of marble: the other parts, covered by the dress, were of other materials, probably a wooden frame. This is known as an 'acrolithic' statue

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The Temple of Venus Genetrix is a ruined temple in the Forum of Caesar, Rome, dedicated to the Roman goddess Venus Genetrix, the goddess of motherhood and domesticity. It was dedicated to the goddess in 46 BC by Julius Caesar.

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built to both house a temple honoring Mars, and to provide another space for legal proceedings, as the Roman Forum was very crowded.^[4] Before battle, military generals set off from the Temple of Mars, after attending a commencement ceremony. Other ceremonies took place in the temple including the assumption of the toga virilis by young men. The Senate met at the Temple when discussing war and the victorious generals dedicated their spoils from their triumphs to Mars at the altar. Arms and other stolen goods from the enemy, or booty, recovered from battle were often stored in the Forum as well.

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ancient Roman chariot racing stadium and mass entertainment venue

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built in 29 BCE. Earlier arenas were temporary structures that were disassembled after the event. The amphitheatre was built by Titus Statilius Taurus, who paid for it from his own resources. Statilius Taurus was a successful general and politician in the time of emperor Augustus and had gathered much wealth during his career. For the inauguration he also paid for the gladiatorial games.

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Built around 70 BC, the current amphitheatre was the first Roman amphitheatre to be built out of stone, previously, they had been built out of wood. The next Roman amphitheatre to be built from stone would be the Colosseum in Rome, which postdates it by over a century.

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501 - 497 BCE

Rebuilt later by SPQR

After expulsion of Etruscan King, Romans build temple to very old latin god (saturn) - very fun, Saturnalia includes reverse codes of conduct.[image]

Vowed 496 BCE during Battle of Lake Regillus by Aulus Postumius - first temple with foreign diety inside pomerium. first temple associated with healing - very etruscan in design with frontal staircase and frontal columns. Decorated in terracotta - many venues held under temple (measures and weights, bank, dentistry)

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260 BCE - dedicated by Dulius during battle of Mylae

Ionic Order

Greek proportions

Pepperino tufa and concrete

columns had stucco added to create fluting because tufa was too soft to carve proper flutes

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258 BCE Dedicated by Atlilus Calatinus in Sicily

Tuscan Order

Travertine (limestone)

146 BCE dedicated by Caecillius Metellus in Macedon in 146 BCE

Encloses the temple of Juno Regina and Jupiter Stator

Menubial building

you can see straight through the temple and see the idols placed inside the portico

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146 - 131 BCE

Vowed and built by Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus

Architect:Hermodorus of Salamis

Hexastyle(6 columns in the front)

ionic order

peripteral

low podium

would have looked very greek

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80 - 70 bce

Anio Tufa (special tufa)

ionic order

pseudo Peripheral (a lot of the columns are engaged)

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Ca. 100 BCE

Doric Columns

Looks more ionic to contemporary veiwers but they are doric

bottom 3rd of colmuns are left unfluted

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(Latin League Sanctuary)

A gate, not strictly for triumphs

it no longer exists but the depictions remain in art and literature

4c BCE

long rectangular shape

Lined with large private houses

Doors of houses always open

Functions: Economic, political, and spectacles

7c BCE

Curia built arond cardinal compass points

Cornelius Sulla

80 BCE

Doubled size of senate and expanded Curia by taking up comitium which was public forum space.

Include Naves, side aisles and tribunal

means kingly in greek

179 BCE (m. Fub)

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169 BCE

Ti. Sempronius Gracchus

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Late 1c BCE

Basilicas would inspire the form of churches - since romans built them all over the known world.

(C. Julius Caesar)

Caesar gains power as voting system breaks down

thinks the forum is becoming too crowded so he invents a new one

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Located in Caesars forum, godess of fertility

In order to build the forum the way he wants, Caesar rearranges the way a forum is set up.

Origin: Campania / Samnium

Introduced to Rome in 264 BCE

subterranean cells in which wild animals were confined before the combats in the Roman arena or amphitheatre.

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elaborately decorated background of a Roman theatre stage. This area usually has several entrances to the stage including a grand central entrance.

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55 BCE

Very popular theater, perminate, Caesar was killed here

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Remodeled 140 - 130 BCE

the common tomb of the patrician Scipio family during the Roman Republic for interments between the early 3rd century BC and the early 1st century AD.

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Tomb of Philip, Vergina

Daughter of Council member, mother of Marcus Crassus (General involved in turning Roman Republic to Roman empire)

she lived and died in obscurity apart from her famous son and the magnificent tomb which her husband erected in her memory.

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20 BCE

near the Porta San Paolo and the Protestant Cemetery.

Due to its incorporation into the city's fortifications, it is today one of the best-preserved ancient buildings in Rome.

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30 BCE

Commemorating the source of the freedmans weath as a Baker

Profession was his pride, unusual for this time

can date tomb based on hair and toga styles

plebian style structure

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Octavian / Augustus

63 BCE - 14 CE

Portaits of the time often showed men as very old and wise, where as Augustus' portait reflects greek classical sculpture, showing him as being young and very Doryphoros looking

28-23 BCE

Campus Martius

Following Augustsus' Triumph

onsisting of several concentric rings of earth and brick, planted with cypresses on top of the building and capped with a statue of Augustus

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"Altar of Augustan Peace"

o honour the return of Augustus to Rome after his three years in Hispania and Gaul

The altar was meant to be a vision of the Roman civil religion. It is made up of a small functional altar at its centre, and four surrounding walls; externally, two-tier friezes run along the walls and portray the peace and fertile prosperity enjoyed as a result of the peace brought to Rome by Augustus' military supremacy

Diverse carvings showing classical proportions

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A Calender? A sun dial?

looks like a Gnomon

Obelisk granite egypt

located in campus marcus by Augustus

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26 BCE

Diribiorium

Hall of voting for plebs

conceived by Julius Caesar and dedicated by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa

Augustus would later use it for gladiator fights

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The offical god of Augustus

28 BCE

vowed by augustus after deveat Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium 31 BC, built at sight of lightning strike

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29 BCE

by Augustus in 42 BC after the senate deified Julius Caesar posthumously. Augustus dedicated the prostyle temple (it is still unknown if it was Ionic, Corinthian or Composite) to Caesar (his adoptive father) on August 18, 29 BC, after the Battle of Actium. It stands on the east side of the main square of the Roman Forum (Forum), between the Regia, Temple of Castor and Pollux and the Basilica Aemilia

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19 BCE

Fasti Triumphales: List of triumphs from 752 BCE (Romulus) to 19 BCE (Balbus)

Fasti Consulares: List of Consuls to 13 CE (Augustus)

Little remains

·      list of triumphs from 752 BCE (Romulus) to 19 BCE (Balbus)

Established by Augustus

·      list of consuls to 13 CE (Augustus)

·      Augustus likes to put himself at the end of the time line

Forum of Augustus

one of the Imperial forums of Rome, Italy, built by Augustus. It includes the Temple of Mars Ultor.

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25-22 BCE

the main axis of the Forum of Augustus. It was built for two reasons: to fulfill a vow made by Augustus before the Battle of Philippi in 42 B.C.; and to celebrate the return, in 19 B.C.

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One of the last built by Augustus

one of romes most important theaters

held slightly over 20,000 people

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Temple of Apollo Socianus

Augustus used its construction to visually block other works

Aqua Claudia

aqua anio novus

reustication

arches over a road

gets added into the circuit of walls

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Golden House

64-68 CE

Severus and Celer

large landscaped portico villa built by the Emperor Nero in the heart of ancient Rome, after the great fire in 64 AD had cleared away the aristocratic dwellings on the slopes of the Palatine Hill

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Oculus

Groin vaults

fourth style wall painting (after 50 CE)

in Neros golden house

62 CE

probably only coins remain