Term
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Definition
take loans from the army contractors,
o Engaged in trade, manufacturing, banking |
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Term
| Increasing use of war captives as agricultural slaves |
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Definition
o Cato the Elder, “On Agriculture”
• Buy a bunch of slaves cheap. Work em to death and buy more |
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Term
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Definition
Senators(land)
• (officer corps) Citizens
Knights (commerce)
Plebeians (1/3 of army – roman legions)
Italian Allies (2/3 of army)
Provincials (not in army) Not citizen
Slaves |
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Term
| Provinces (benign neglect) |
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Definition
| not that the roman were trying to take advantage of provinces, but the romans didn’t take steps to having good administrations in provinces |
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Term
| Agricultural-Military Crisis(military recruitment) |
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Definition
o When the war was over, the soldiers had a place to go home to instead of causing trouble
o More land came into senator hands
o Had to own property to serve in army
o Redistribute land to plebs to serve in army but senate wouldn’t let them take the land |
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Term
| Agricultural-Military Crisis(military recruitment) |
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Definition
o When the war was over, the soldiers had a place to go home to instead of causing trouble
o More land came into senator hands
o Had to own property to serve in army
o Redistribute land to plebs to serve in army but senate wouldn’t let them take the land |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
o Senators did not want to give up land while looking at own self interest
o Temptation as rome becomes more powerful, senators are tempted to put their power forward
o Own self interest ahead of rome as whole |
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Term
| Governors (praetor, proconsuls, propraetors) |
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Definition
| • Quaester, legate – could be given power to by a general/higher power |
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Term
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Definition
| each province divided into city territories, responsible for own local administration |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 1/10th of harvest, tax abuse and overcollection |
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Term
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Definition
Extortion Court: governor must be accused by another patron
• only really happened if governor was blatantly corrupt |
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Term
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Definition
• Battle of Arausio
o Romans lost 80k men
• Huge drain on roman manpower |
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Term
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Definition
• War in africa
king expands territory into rome
rome goes to war with king
guerilla warfare
further runs down roman army |
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Term
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Definition
| • Slaves went so far to set up own country |
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Term
| Marius and the “volunteer army” |
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Definition
Newman (no consul background)
enlisted any roman citizen (now is a career) |
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Term
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Definition
| one legion = 10 cohorts, all cohorts armed exactly the same |
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Term
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Definition
| men had to carry 30 day food supply, 2 6ft poles, and shovel, and were drilled |
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Term
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Definition
• Battle of Aquae Sextiae
o Women kill children then themselves so they are not sold into slavehood |
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Term
| General responsible for rewarding army at the end of the war |
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Definition
| • If general want their way, they have the army to use against the senate because the army follows whoever pays them |
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Term
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Definition
• Drusus the tribune
o Drusus was assassinated in roman street violence.
• Revolt of the Italian allies – massive organized revolt
o Social war – also know as the “social war”
• Italia
• Plautia-Papirian Law
o Any Italian soldier who stopped fighting and went in front of a Roman gov’t would be converted to a Roman Citizen |
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Term
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Definition
Agricultural Military Crisis
Italian Ally |
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Term
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Definition
The Provinces
The Volunteer army
Ambitious Senators |
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Term
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Definition
Senators
Officer Corps
Knights Citizens
Plebeians (1/3) |
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Term
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Definition
King Mithridates of Pontus, Asia
Sulla (consul) |
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Term
| King Mithridates of Pontus, Asia |
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Definition
• Asia: Aquilius
o Captures roman legate, pours molten gold down his throat
• Claimed descendent of Hercules |
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Term
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Definition
had one of jugurtha's own men betray him.
• Marius – command transferred to
• Sulla marches his army on Rome and Marius flees
• Return of Sulla |
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Term
| Battle of the Colline Gate |
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Definition
o Samnites
o Result of battle is Sulla wins and has complete control of Rome now |
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Term
| Dictator: emergencies only! |
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Definition
o Dictator for writing the laws
o Proscriptions- you are seen as an enemy and if you were captured, your land is sold for money to pay off troops
o colonies - huge amounts of land to establish colonies |
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Term
| Dictator: emergencies only! |
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Definition
o Dictator for writing the laws
o Proscriptions- you are seen as an enemy and if you were captured, your land is sold for money to pay off troops
o colonies - huge amounts of land to establish colonies |
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Term
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Definition
o put authority back into collective hands of the senate
• weaken council of plebs and tribunes
o retirement and death |
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