Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| entire panorama of a person’s experience, their subjective apprehension of reality |
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Term
| Self-actualizing tendency |
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Definition
| active, controlling drive toward fulfillment of our potentials that enables us to maintain and enhance ourselves (aka master motive) |
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Term
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Definition
| self-concept based largely on the expectations of others, i. We have a strong need for positive regard and want to please others |
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Definition
| self-concept based on our actual feelings about our experiences |
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Term
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Definition
| stipulations upon which our sense of self-worth depends; belief that we are only worthwhile if we perform behaviors that others think are good and refrain from actions that others think are bad |
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Term
| Biological and psychological aspects of self-actualizing tendency |
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Definition
| Biological; basic survival needs (food, water, air, etc. & Psych; development of potentials that make us better human beings |
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Term
| Valuing process in infants |
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Definition
| infants engage in an organismic valuing process, in which they use their actualization tendency as a criterion in making judgments about the worth of a given experience |
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Term
| Valuing process in adults |
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Definition
| Value judgments often change due to changing value systems and external frame of reference |
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Term
| The fully-functioning person and their characteristics |
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Definition
| if people are able to utilize their organismic valuing processes fully, they will inevitably begin to experience personal growth and movement toward realization of their potentials; fully function people are self-actualizing people |
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Term
| fully-functioning characteristics |
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Definition
| Openness to experience; non-defensive and open to experiencing all experiences, Existential living, Trust of their organisms – trusting in their innate sense of what decisions to make, Creativity – more creative in life, Leading and enriched life – feel more comfortable in judgments, may have more rewarding life |
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Term
| Emerging persons and their characteristics |
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Definition
| people of the future whose interpersonal relationships are characterized by honesty, cooperation, and concern for others |
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Term
| emerging person characteristics |
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Definition
| They avoid sham, facades, and hypocrisy, ii. They welcome change and opt for growth even when it is painful to do so, 1. Honesty and open – people who are not hypocrites, 2. An indifference to material possessions – not power-hungry or concerned about status, 3. Caring for others – offer help to others without conditions, mistrustful of those in helping professions, do not preach, 4. A deep mistrust of cognitively-based science – everything is related to feelings, 5. A trust of their own experiences and a profound mistrust of all external authority – don’t take on certain beliefs because that is what people tell them |
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Term
| Unconditional positive regard |
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Definition
| deep and genuine caring by others, uncontaminated by judgments or evaluations of our thoughts, feelings, or behaviors (I love and accept you for being a person) |
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Term
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Definition
| state of harmony that exists when there is no discrepancy between the person’s experiencing and his or her self-concept, leads to positive growth |
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Term
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Definition
| self-report procedure designed to measure the discrepancy between a persons actual and ideal self |
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Term
| Therapeutic conditions that facilitate growth |
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Definition
| Client and therapist are in psychological contact – both people are affecting each other on how they influence the world, ii. Client is in a state of incongruence – some feeling of uneasiness/anxious, iii. Therapist is congruent – genuine, being present in the session, iv. Therapist experiences unconditional positive regard for the client,v. Therapist experiences an empathic understanding of the client’s internal frame of reference, vi. Client perceives the therapist’s unconditional positive regard and empathic understanding |
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Term
| Therapeutic conditions: expected therapeutic outcomes |
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Definition
| Express feelings, ii. Accurate in assessments of meaning of feelings, iii. Discern incongruity between self-concepts and their experiences (social vs. true selves), iv. Feel threatened by incongruity, v. Aware of feelings previously denied/distorted, vi. Self-concepts become more congruent with experiences, vii. More capable of experiencing unconditional positive regard, viii. See themselves more positively, ix. Evaluate their experiences more in terms of their organismic valuing process and less according to society’s values |
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Term
| Be able to discuss the implications of Rogers theories for marriage |
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Definition
| According to Rogers, marriage is a failing institution & He opposed traditional marriage, in which the husband is the ultimate authority and the wife occupies a more subservient role |
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Term
| Rogers’ recommendations for a healthy marriage |
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Definition
| Difficulties between the partners are discussed openlyii. Communication is honest and authentic, with mutual listening, iii. Partners appreciate the values of separateness, iv. Women’s growing independence is valued, v. Roles and role expectations fade away, replaced by people making their own choices about their behavior, vi. Either partner may form satellite relationships, which are relationships formed outside the marriage that may or may not involve sexual intimacy |
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Term
| Be able to discuss the implications of Rogers theories for education |
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Definition
| According to Rogers’s, the educational establishment is authoritarian and bases its program on a number of faulty assumptions: i. Students cannot be trusted to pursue their own educational goals, ii. Creative people development from passive learners, iii. Evaluation is education; education is evaluation |
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Term
| Roger’s recommendations to counter this nonproductive orientation |
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Definition
| Students should be able to choose their own goals and to pursue them with the help and encouragement of faculty |
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