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Rocks
Earth's Surface Chapter 3
31
Science
7th Grade
10/27/2009

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Term
Magma
Definition
Molten rock underneath the Earth's surface.
Term
Sedimentary Rock
Definition
Rock that forms by pieces of earlier rocks becoming cemented together by minerals.
Term
Recrystallization
Definition
Mineral grains grow larger in this metamorphic process.
Term
Rock
Definition
A naturally formed solid that is usually made up of minerals.
Term
Coal
Definition
This rock is unique because it is made completely of ancient plant remains.
Term
Rock Cycle
Definition
The set of natural processes that form, change, break down and re-form rocks.
Term
Lava
Definition
Molten rock that has reached Earth's surface.
Term
Metamorphic Rocks
Definition
Existing rocks that change due to heat and pressure.
Term
Fossil
Definition
Sedimentary rock formed by remains of organisms from long, long ago.
Term
Igneous Rock
Definition
Rock that forms when lava or magma cools, recrystallizes and hardens.
Term
Sediments
Definition
Dead leaves, branches and trunks are classified as these.
Term
Wind and Water
Definition
Rock particles that have been eroded from a larger rock. These pieces will eventually end up in a river. They will probably be carried there by _____________ and ____________.
Term
Sedimentary
Definition
Ocean organisms die and their shells and skeletons sink to the bottom of the sea where they become buried, compacted and cemented. What type of rock will be formed?
Term
1400 to 2300
Definition
Temperatures inside the Earth are hot enough to melt rock. The temperatures inside the Earth range from _____________ to _______________ degrees F.
Term
Intrusive Igneous Rock
Definition
Magma cools within the Earth to form the hardest, longest lasting rock on the planet known as _______________________.
Term
Silica
Definition
Mt. St. Helens in Washington is a composite volcano that produces thick, sticky lava that is rich in _______________.
Term
Heat and Pressure
Definition
Metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks when they are exposed to high amounts of ____________ and _____________.
Term
Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic Rocks
Definition
Metamorphic rocks form from these parent rocks.
Term
Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks
Definition
Most of Earth's crust is formed from
a) igneous and metamorphic rocks
b) coal
c) sedimentary rock
d) clay and silt
Term
To learn how the Earth changes over time.
Definition
Why do scientists study rocks?
Term
Obsidian and Coal
Definition
These are two rocks that contain no minerals at all.
Term
Calcite
Definition
This is the only mineral found in limestone. It gives it the white color.
Term
False.
Changes over large areas require both heat and pressure.
Definition
T or F: Metamorphic changes over large areas require either heat or pressure.
Term
False.
Sedimentary rocks can form on land or underwater.
Definition
T or F: Sedimentary rocks can only form underwater.
Term
higher
Definition
The lighter the color, the _____________ the silica content in a rock.
Term
Basalt Lava
Definition
Which of the two types of lava that we studied flows more easily?
Term
Sedimentary Rock
Definition
This type of rock may form as minerals crystallize when water evaporates.
Term
Granite
Definition
This type of rock makes up Mount Rushmore and the Great Wall of China.
Term
Extrusive Igneous Rock
Definition
This type of igneous rock forms when lava cools.
Term
Foliation
Definition
The flat, parallel bands that minerals form in metamorphic rock.
Term
Volcano erupts/magma to lava-Lava cools to igneous-Erosion-Sediments-Carrying and Deposition-Compaction/Cementation-Rock pushed down further, exposed to higher heat/pressure-Metamorphic changes- Rock pushed down further-Melts back to igneous.
Definition
Describe the rock cycle in detail beginning and ending with magma.
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