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| age, in years of a rock or other object; can be determined by using properties of the atoms that make up materials |
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| describes dense, dark colored igneous rock formed from magma rich in magnesium and iron and poor in silica |
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| largest intrusive igneous rock body that forms wen magma being forced upward toward Earth's crust cools slowly and solidfies underground |
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| large, circular-shaped opening formed when the top of a volcano collapses |
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| sedimentary rock-formed process in which sediment grains are held together by natural cements that are produced when water moves through rock and soil |
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process that forms sedimentary rocks when layers of sediments are compressed by the weight of the layrers above them
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| dropping of sediments that occurs when an agent of erosion, such as gravity, a glacier, wind, or water, loses its energy and can no longer carry its load |
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| remains, imprints, or traces of prehistoric organisms that can tell when and where organisms once lived and how they lived |
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| describes generally light-colored, silica-rich igneous rock that is less dense than basaltic rock |
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| loose materials, such as rock fragments, mineral grains, and the remains, of once-living plants and animals, that have been moved by wind, water, ice or gravity |
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bits of rocks or solidifed lava dropped from the air during an explosive volcanic eruption; ranges in size from volcanic ash to volcanic bombs and blocks
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rigid layer of Earth about 100 km thick, made of the crust and a part of the upper mantle
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| describe metamorphic rock, such as quartzite or marble, whose mineral grains grow and rearrange but generally do not form layers |
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| describes soil& rock with connecting pores through which water can flow |
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