Term
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Definition
| A naturally occurring inorganic solid that possesses a definite chemical structure |
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Definition
| A rock composed of two or more minerals. |
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| Properties of Minerals............ |
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Definition
| Crystal form, luster, color, streak, hardness, cleavage, fracture, and specific gravity. |
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| A naturally occurring, inorganic solid that possesses a definite chemical structure, which gives it a unique set of chemical properties is a(n)..... |
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Definition
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| The tendency of a mineral to break along planes of weak bonding is the property called....... |
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Definition
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| A(n) ______ can be defined simply as an aggregate of minerals. |
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Definition
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| The external expression of the internal orderly arrangement of atoms is called the mineral's........ |
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Definition
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| The Property of a mineral that involves the appearance or quality if light reflected from its surface is termed..... |
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Definition
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| The property called_____is color of a mineral in the powdered form. |
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Definition
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| The resistance of a mineral to abrasion or scratching, called _______, is one of the most useful diagnostic properties |
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Definition
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| Minerals that do not exhibit cleavage when broken are said to...... |
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Definition
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| Due to impurities, a mineral's _____ is often unreliable diagnostic property. |
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Definition
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Term
| The 5 things that must be contained in a mineral |
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Definition
1.) Naturally Occurring
2.) Inorganic
3.) Solid
4.) Orderly internal structure (crystal shape)
5.) Define chemical composition |
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Term
| Difference between a Mineral and a rock |
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Definition
| A mineral is the same through out |
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Term
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Definition
| The way it reflects light |
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Definition
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Definition
| Color of powered left over from streak plate |
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Definition
| residence to be scratched |
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Term
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Definition
| Breaking along flat plans between atoms |
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Definition
| Forms from magma that cools and solidifies in process called crystallization. |
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Definition
| forms from lithification of sediment |
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Definition
| forms from rock that has been subjected to great pressure and heat in a process called metamorphism. |
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Term
| The faster the rate of cooling |
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Definition
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Term
| the slower the rate of cooling |
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Definition
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Term
| The four basic igneous rock textures |
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Definition
1.) fine-grained,
2.) coarse-grained
3.) porphyritic
4.) glassy |
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Term
| Igneous rock are classified by..... |
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Definition
| texture and mineral composition |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Unconsolidated particles of rock can be made by..... |
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Definition
| weathering, erosion of rock, by chemical precipitation from solution in water, or from the secretions of organism. |
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Term
| Sediment is transported and deposited by.... |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ transform sediment into sedimentary rock. |
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Definition
| Compaction and cementation |
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Term
| Detrital Sediments (Classtic) |
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Definition
| Materials that origante and are transported as solid particles derived from weathering |
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Term
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Definition
| soluble materials produced largely by chemical weathering that are precipitated by either inorganic or organic processes |
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Term
| Detrital sedimentary rocks |
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Definition
| contain a variety of mineral and rock fragments |
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Term
| Chemical sedimentary rocks |
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Definition
| often contain the products of biological processes such as shells or mineral crystals that form as water evaporates and minerals precipitate |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which sediments are transported into solid sedimentary rocks |
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Term
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Definition
| shale, sandstone, and conglomerate |
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Term
| The most abundant chemical sedimentary rock is...... |
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Definition
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Term
| Some chemical rocks are.... |
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Definition
| rock gypsum and rock salt |
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Term
| 3 things that can help us find out the history of the earth when sedimentary rocks..... |
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Definition
| Strata (beds) , bedding planes, and fossils |
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Term
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Definition
1.) regional metamorphism
2.) Contact metamorphism |
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Term
| The agents of metamorphic include |
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Definition
| heat, pressure, and chemical active fluids |
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Term
| The metamorphic process cause changes in rocks, like......... |
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Definition
| increased density, growth or larger mineral crystals, reorientation if the minerals grains into a layered or banded appearance known as foliation, and the formation of new minerals |
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Term
| Some common metamorphic rocks with foliated texture include..... |
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Definition
| slate, schist, and gneiss |
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Term
| metamorphic rocks with a nonfoliated texture include.... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| illustrates the origin of the basic rock type and the role of geologic processes in transforming one rock type into another |
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Definition
| the process by which sediments are transformed into solid sedimentary rock |
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Term
| Sedimentary rocks, when subjected to great pressures and heat, will turn into rock type_______, providing that they do not melt |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Molten material found inside earth |
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Term
| The process whereby ions begin to arrange themselves into orderly patterns is referred to as as |
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Definition
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Term
| Metamorphic rocks that have formed in response in to large-scale mountain-building processes are said to have undergone............ |
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Definition
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Term
| The rock type that forms when sediment is lithified is |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Magma the reaches earth's surface |
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Term
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Definition
| describes the overall appearance if an igneous rock, based on the size and arrangement of its interlocking crystals |
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Term
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Definition
| The texture of a metamorphic rock that gives it a layered appearance |
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Term
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Definition
| Igneous rocks that result when lava solidifies |
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Term
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Definition
| The rock type that forms from crystallization of magma |
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Term
| Metamorphic rocks composed of only one mineral the forms equidimensiomal often have a type of texture called.... |
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Definition
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Term
| Igneous rocks that form rapidly at the surface often have a type of texture, called________, where the individual crystals are too small to be seen with the unaided eye. |
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Definition
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Term
| Detrital sedimentary rocks from from the rocks fragments; however, a(n)________forms when dissolved substances are precipitated back into solids. |
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Definition
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| The single most characteristic feature of sedimentary rocks are layers called...... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A sedimentary deposit that forms as a shallow arm of the sea evaporates |
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Term
| when rock is in contact with or near a mass of magma , a type of metamorphism, called_______takes place |
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Definition
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| When igneous rock cools rapidly and ions do not have time to unite into an orderly crystalline structure, a type of texture called______results |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| When large masses of magma solidify far below the surface, they form igneous rocks that exhibit a type texture where crystals are roughly equal in size and large enough to be identified with the unaided eye |
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Term
| A sedimentary rock that forms from sediments that originate as solid particles from weathered rocks is called......... |
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Definition
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Definition
| traces or remains of prehistoric life |
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Term
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Definition
| the most abundant chemical sedimentary rock |
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Term
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Definition
| the most common extrusive igneous rock |
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Term
| what 3 processes refer to the rock cycle on earth? |
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Definition
| Weathering, transporting, despostion |
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