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Definition
| toxic octapeptide produced by poison mushroom, used to distinguish three RNA polymerases. (I = no inhibition, II = some inhibition, III = lots of inhibition) |
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Definition
| transcription catalyzed by RNA polymerase II with general transcription factors |
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Definition
| extends from 40 bp upstream to 40 bp downstream from initiation site, contains TFIIB recognition element, TATA box, initiator, and downstream core promoter element |
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Definition
| contains heptapeptide repeats that must be phosphorylated for transcription elongation |
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Definition
| used todetermine order in which general transcription factors bind to core promoter, binding a protein to a radioactive DNA fragment will produce a complex that will migrate more slowly than the free DNA fragment when subjected to gel electrophoresis |
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Term
| general transcription factor |
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Definition
| help RNA polymerase II to transcribe naked DNA from specific transcription initiation sites |
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Definition
| identifies transcription initiation sites and gene expression in living cells as well as in cell-free systems by extending radioactive DNA primer to complement RNA template's 5' end by reverse transcriptase |
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Definition
| gene that codes a detectable protein |
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Definition
| located in nucleolus, transcribes genes specifying precursors to 5.8S, 18S, and 28S rRNA |
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Definition
| located in nucleoplasm, transcribes protein-coding and snRNA-coding genes |
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Definition
| located in nucleoplasm, transcribes genes coding fro small RNA molecules such as 5S rRNA and tRNA |
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Definition
| identifies a transcription initiation site for in vitro studies of cloned gene, less demanding, by cleaving a plasmid, inserting RNA polymerase and measuring size of resulting radioactive RNA |
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Definition
| measures gene activity and determine transcription initiation site in living cell by adding a labeled DNA probe to a mixture of mRNA and cutting the hybrid with S1 endonuclease to find the size of single-stranded probe to see how far from the end the site is |
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Term
| TBP-associated factors (TAFs) |
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Definition
| part of TFIID, required to transcribe genes that lack a TATA box and for high levels of transcription that occur within the cell |
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Term
| TATA binding protein (TBP) |
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Definition
| protein that specifically binds to the TATA box |
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Term
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Definition
| sequence motif usually located 25 to 30 bp upstream from initiation site |
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Definition
| general transcription factor that supports RNA polymerase II, stabilizes TBP and TFIID binding, blocks inhibition by inhibitory TAF subunit |
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Term
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Definition
| binds TBP, RNA Polymerase II, and promoter DNA. N-terminal region has finger structure that inserts into RNA polymerase II active site cleft, helps fix transcription initiation site |
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Term
| TFIIB-recognition element (BRE) |
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Definition
| lies just upstream from TATA box so that TFIIB brings TATA box to surface of RNA polymerase II |
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Term
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Definition
| binds TATA element and deforms promoter DNA, platform for assembly of TFIIB, TFIIA, and TAFs, binds Inr and DPE promoter elements |
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Definition
| binds promoter near transcription initiation site, may help to stabilize transcription bubble in the open complex |
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Definition
| prevents nonspecific DNA binding, binds RNA polymerase II and is involved in recruiting RNA polymerase II to preinitiation complex, has regions that are homologous to bacterial sigma factor |
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Definition
| functions in transcription and DNA repair, has kinase and helicase activities and is essential for open complex formation |
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