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Definition
| the central Confucian virtue, usually translated as humaneness, benevolence, goodness or compassion. (taken from textbook) |
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Definition
| a child's duty to show his/her parent's love by respecting them and being dutiful. a family responsibility |
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| Ancestor Veneration ("Worship") - Confucianism |
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Definition
Ancestor worshipping is not asking for favours, but to fulfil one’s filial duties. The act is a way to respect, honour and look after ancestors in their afterlives guaranteeing the ancestors’ well-being and positive disposition towards the living, as well as possibly seeking the ancestors’ wisdom, guidance or assistance for their living descendants
(taken from study guide) |
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| what is the purpose of cultivating virtue in Confucianism? |
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Definition
developing moral perfection. Confucianism holds that one should give up one's life, if necessary, either passively or actively, for the sake of upholding the cardinal moral values of ren and yi.
(taken from study guide) |
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| Alchemy: Lead and Gold (Confucianism) |
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Definition
By refining bases into gold, the alchemist believed that immortal life would be delivered if the "fake" or synthetic gold was ingested. The alchemists believed that a combo of substances gave the final substance a spiritual value - a superior essence in comparison to pure gold.
(taken from study guide)
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| Elixir of Life (Confucianism) |
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Definition
| a mythical potion that if drank the person ingesting would become immortal and forever young. It is also said to create life. |
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| The founder of Confucianism. A famous sage and philosopher who was concerned with practical moral and values. |
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| The Five Great Relationships (Confucianism) |
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Definition
- Kindness in the father and obedient devotion in the son
- Gentility in the eldest brother and humility and respect in the younger
- Righteous behavior in the husband and obedience in the wife
- Humane consideration in elders and deference in juniors
- Benevolence in rulers and loyalty of ministers and subjects
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Term
| Four Books (Confucianism) |
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Definition
| Chinese classic texts that illustrate the core value and belief system of the Confucians. They are: Analects, Book of Mencius, Great Learning and Doctrine of Mean. |
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| Five Classics (Confucian) |
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Definition
Five books that follow the Confucian canon. They are as follows:
Classic of Poetry, Book of Documents, Book of Rites, Book of Changes and Spring and Autumn Annals |
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| Meng Tzu/Mencius (Confucianism) |
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Definition
second most prominent thinker who described the practical value of humaneness. Said material needs and desires are what degenerate humans. He teaches us how to avoid these wants and needs.
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Definition
| Came after Mencius, and disagreed with him. He said humans are evil and that goodness came from conscious activity and seeking guidance from sages and rituals. |
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| Shinto spirits that can be anything in nature. They are worshipped. Often ancestors. Not seperate from nature but exist both in positive and negative aspects |
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Term
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Definition
Kannagara may be interpreted as “kami just as they are” or “the kami’s will just as it is”. Other scholars define kannagara as a synonym for divinely or sublimely, which modifies the authority of the deities.
(Taken from study guide) |
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| large, red gateways at the entrances of the Shinto shrines which represented leaving the human world and entering the spiritual world |
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| What is the purpose of shrines in Shinto? |
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Definition
| to accomodate the presence of the spirits/kamis |
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Term
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Definition
| : Literally “pure” or “crown estate”; an order of Sikhs bound by common identity and discipline. Khalsa's are Sikhs which have undergone the sacred Amrit Ceremony initiated by the 10th Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh. All Sikhs are expected to be Khalsa or be working towards that objective |
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Definition
| ‘original book’. The Sikh scared text. It is a compilation of divinely inspired hymns (nearly 6000) by six Gurus, fifteen poet-saints, and fifteen Sikh bards |
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| 'Not-doing' as a way of being in the world: a state not of 'doing nothing' but of acting without intention or self-interest; an ideal for both Daoists and Confucians, tho primarily Daoists. (taken from textbook) |
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| the universal energy of the body. it cannot be forced, but it must be born of accumulated rightness in order to unite rightness and the way |
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| Dao is either the Way in the sense of the Ultimate or the way in the sense of the path taken by followers of a particular tradition. It is a metaphysical concept originating with Laozi that eventually gave way to Daoism/Taoism. |
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| Daode Jing/ Tao Te Ching (Daoism) |
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Definition
| a classic text of Chinese philosophical literature. The Daoedejing teaches about the all-encompassing way known as the Dao, as well as many convential virtues through poem-like verses and sages |
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| considered the father of Taoism. Wrote the Daodejing, and may or may not be a real, historical person. |
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| a Doaist text that teaches that conflicting ideas of thinkers don’t create a solution just more chaos. Instead of proposing solutions, it offers stories conveying profound insights in lighthearted yet direct and forceful terms |
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