Term
|
Definition
Manipulate or change
something to see what happens next. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Watch what happens
naturally; collect information about what’s out there with NO manipulation or change. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Closely observe a single
person/event/phenomena. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Allows us to make specific
predictions about what will happen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Variables you
select or manipulate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Between-subjects Variable |
|
Definition
| A different group of participants is used for each level of the variable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| All participants receive all levels of the variable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Expectations effect results. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Neither the
participant nor the experimenter in the room
knows the group/condition the participant is in
or the correct answer to the question the
participant is asked. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Uncontrolled factors that could
influence the comparison between the
experimental and control conditions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Experiment measures what it
is supposed to measure (no confounds). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Every member of the
population has an equal chance of being picked
for the study. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Do these predictions work OUTSIDE the
laboratory/experimental conditions? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The study of how people identify objects in their environment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Device that presents patterns very rapidly. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Holistic, unanalyzed entities that we compare with other patterns by measuring how much patterns overlap. |
|
|
Term
| Problems with Template Theory |
|
Definition
1. Position, orientation, size.
2. Variability of patterns/styles.
3. Doesn't describe pattern differences.
4. Doesn't allow alternate descriptions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Describe a pattern by listing its parts or features. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Features that distinguish one pattern from another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pattern recognition composing features and their relationships. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Data driven process, gather information from environment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Conceptually driven process, generates by knowledge and experience. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Accuracy in recognizing a letter is higher when the letter is in a word than when it appears alone or in a nonword. Using both top/down and bottom/up processing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Constructed the initial information processing model. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Brief storage for information in its original sensory form. Separate store for each sense. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Attention limits the amount of information that can be recognized at one time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Attention limits the amount of recognized information that can be entered into memory. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Word Superiority Effect Demo Accuracy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Number of features needed to recognize an object. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ability to focus mental effort on a specific stimulus while excluding other stimuli. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| You can change the focus of mental effort from one stimulus to another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Memory can be divided into parts - you can pay attention to more than one thing at the same time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Listening to two things at the same time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bottleneck at recognition stage. Limited capacity perceptual channels. Hinged flap swings back and forth. |
|
|
Term
| Treisman's Attenuation Model |
|
Definition
| Bottleneck at recognition stage. Dials for each channel, filtering out information. |
|
|
Term
| Deutsch-Norman Memory Selection Model |
|
Definition
| Bottleneck after recognition. Used the shadowing experiment to demonstrate this model. |
|
|
Term
| Multimode Theory of Attention |
|
Definition
| Bottleneck can be moved. Experiment with shadowing and light switch demonstrated this. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Model of limited cognition resources. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stimuli funneled along limit capacity channels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Set of cognitive processes for categorizing and recognizing stimuli. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Allocation of resources. Limited capacity is distributed to various tasks. Flexible under control. Represented as a pie. |
|
|
Term
| Allocation Policy of Enduring Dispositions |
|
Definition
| Reflects the rules of involuntary/automatic attention. |
|
|
Term
| Allocation Policy of Momentary Intentions |
|
Definition
| Reflects specific goals or objectives at a particular time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Alertness of physiological traits. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It takes longer to name the color of the ink than the word. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occurs without intention, no conscious awareness, does not interfere with any other processes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Trial 1: 7.4s, 0 errors, followed by 14.8s, 1 error
Trial 2: 7s, 0 errors, followed by 16.3s, 2 errors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Did the Stroop Effect Demo go as expected? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Original Stroop Effect increase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Color not used by Stroop demo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Forgetting that occurs because of interference from material encountered after the key information was learned. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Forgetting occurs because other material interferes with key information. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Information is spontaneously lost over time, even when there is no interference. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Forgetting that occurs because of interference from material encountered before the key information was learned. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When two memories overlap in context, the strength of either or both memories is reduced. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Individual items learned and stored as a group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| All items are searched simultaneously. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Each item is searched in succession, one by one. |
|
|
Term
| Serial Self Terminating Search |
|
Definition
| Search terminates after you locate the item. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| All items are always searched. |
|
|
Term
| Parallel Search Characteristic |
|
Definition
| As memory size increases, reaction times should stay the same. |
|
|
Term
| Serial Self Terminating Characteristic |
|
Definition
| Reaction times increase with set size, present condition faster than absent condition. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reaction times increase with set size, present RT = absent RT. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| For each additional item, 38ms more. No difference between present RT and absent RT. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Study on proactive interference with numbers and words. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Experiment to view a matrix of letters and make a verbal report. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Experiment to view letters and write a report. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Behavior changes when you're being watched. |
|
|
Term
| Gibson Same Different Task |
|
Definition
| Task to figure out if 3 items are the same or different. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removed 65% of contour information. Demonstrated Recognition by Components with 35 Geons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reporting a single row on a tachistoscope. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Presented a matrix of letters, average of 4.5 were able to be recalled. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Study for competing auditory inputs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Studied the affect of practicing attention. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Study with words with multiple meanings. "Bank" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Asked subjects to match letters with a warning signal. Simultaneous tasks. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Causes something to pop out because it is so unique. |
|
|
Term
1. Without intention
2. No consciousness
3. No interference |
|
Definition
| Automatic Skill Attributes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Processing letters while searching for numbers is automatic, while processing letters among letters requires attention. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Using a cell phone always impacts driving. |
|
|
Term
| Atkinson
&
Shiffrin
Theory
of
Memory |
|
Definition
| Separate sensory stores for each sense. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| STM Rate of recall decline. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Word Superiority Effect Coglab %'s |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 800 - 1200ms, looks like a pair of sheers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Visual Sensory Store duration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Auditory Sensory Store duration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5.1 (control), 4.5 (words), 3.75 (numbers as words) |
|
Definition
| Retroactive Interference Demo |
|
|
