Term
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Definition
| Strong and informative cues about the infant's current state. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reflects stable, biologically differences in behavior that affect the child's interactions with social and physical environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Specific, lasting, social relationships with others. |
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Term
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Definition
| Joy, surprise, sadness, anger, fear, shyness. |
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Term
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Definition
| Embarrassment, pride, shame, guilt, envy. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Seeking out another person's perception of a situation to help us form our own view of it. |
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Term
- Looking at someone else.
- Associating response with the situation.
- Regulating own response. |
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Definition
| 3 Components of Social Referencing |
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Term
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Definition
| First view of attachment. |
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Term
| Indiscriminate attachment |
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Definition
| No particular preference for caregiver. |
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Term
- Initial preattachment. (Birth - 3 months)
- Attachment in the making. (3-4)
- Clear-cut attachment. (6-7) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Play and explore when caregiver is present, become visibly upset when she leaves, calms quickly when she returns. |
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Term
| Anxious/Ambivalent attachment |
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Definition
| Show anxiety even when the caregiver is near, protest excessively when she leaves, not comforted when she returns. |
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Term
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Definition
| Seeks little contact with caregiver, not distressed when she leaves, avoids contact when she returns. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Making the sounds of language. |
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Term
| Referential language style |
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Definition
| Uses language primarily to label objects in the environment. |
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Term
| Expressive language style |
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Definition
| Uses language primarily for engaging in social interactions. Uses more pronouns and words in social routines. Most children use this. |
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Term
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Definition
| Extending the meaning of one word to refer to things and actions for which they have no words yet. |
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Term
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Definition
| Brief expressions that have the meaning of sentences. |
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Term
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Definition
| Single words used to express complex meanings. |
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Term
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Definition
| The average number of morphemes used in a sentence. |
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Term
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Definition
| Varying inflection, speed, and word choice when talking with infants. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conversational give-and-take. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nonverbal support of communication. |
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Term
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Definition
| An item that has been changed can return to its original state by reversing the process (e.g., letting the air out of a ball) |
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Term
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Definition
| Items can belong to multiple categories (e.g., mommy is a woman, a daughter, a sister, and a mother) |
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Term
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Definition
| Using symbols to represent objects and relationships among them. |
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Term
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Definition
| Years when child can determine if something is false. |
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Term
| The Appearance-Reality Distinction |
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Definition
| Knowing the difference between reality and fantasy or misleading appearances. |
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Term
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Definition
| Process whereby the child quickly attaches a new word to its appropriate concept. |
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Term
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Definition
| Assume that words refer to whole objects and not to their component parts or characteristics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Assume objects only have one label. |
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Term
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Definition
| Year of grammar explosion |
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Term
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Definition
At younger ages they tend to apply the rules rather strictly, not allowing for exceptions.
This leads to errors such as incorrect past tense and pluralization use (e.g., sheeps) |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to focus on multiple parts of a problem at once. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to arrange items in a sequenced order according to particular properties (e.g., tallest to shortest) |
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Term
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Definition
| Builds on seriation; requires combining two relations to derive a third relation (e.g., Bob > Sam and Sam > Bill so Bob > Bill) |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to differentiate subclasses of objects. |
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Term
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Definition
| Evaluative judgments about specific characteristics, physical appearance, and cognitive ability. |
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Term
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Definition
| Global assessment of self-worth |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to concrete external traits |
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Term
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Definition
| Discriminate between men and women. |
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Term
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Definition
| Recognition that people retain their sexes for a lifetime |
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Term
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Definition
| Recognition that people’s sex does not change even if their clothing and behavior is inconsistent with stereotypical expectations |
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Term
1. Moral Realism
2. Autonomous Morality |
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Definition
| Piaget's Theory of Moral Development Stages |
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