Term
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Definition
Judging the probability of an event by the ease with which it comes to mind. i.e. stomach cancer (underestimate) vs. flood (overestimate)
-Vivid
-Media Attention
-Frequency |
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Term
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Definition
| Many factors found by questions put into 4 simple factors along to axis - i.e. unknown risk vs. dread of risk |
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Term
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Definition
| Decisions made by emotion and cognition - risk as feelings and risk as analysis. ex. feeling that 98% of 150 is > 150 saved. ex. teens and video games, they have the analytical aspect of what to do but can fall into peer pressure. They have the logic but not the emotional stability of adults. |
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Term
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Definition
use of emotions to make decisions if people think of a risk and like it they perceive it as high benefit and low risk. Also risk-benefit judgement.
i.e. powerplants |
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Term
| consequentialist perspective |
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Definition
| originally no emotions in making decision. Only anticipated outcomes and subjective probabilities -> cognitive evaluations - > decision - > outcome. |
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Term
| Risk-as-feelings perspective |
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Definition
| Added emotion to consequentialist perspective - incidental emotions, anticipatory emotions, anticipated emotions. |
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Term
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Definition
| expected emotions in future as result of decision |
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Term
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Definition
immediate to risks/uncertainties like fear/anxiety.
ex. study where students asked to tell joke, when close they changed their mind about telling because anxiety/fear. |
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Term
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Definition
Prior experience unrelated to decision - carry-over.
i.e. people who read used newspaper give higher risk estimates for potential causes of death. |
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Term
| mood-maintenance hypothesis |
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Definition
people make decisions to maintain their good mood
i.e. refusing to gamble further. |
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Term
| affect-as-information hypothesis |
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Definition
people use their current affect o inform their decision
i.e. powerpolants or technologies for climate change |
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Term
| somatic-marker hypothesis |
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Definition
decisions are guided by somatic responses to deliberations about alternatives
i.e. people with frontal damage take unwise risk in Iowa gambling. Has to do with thinking forward. |
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Term
| emotional carryover effect |
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Definition
| states emotions experience before decision may carry over - reading newspapers |
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Term
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Definition
| can adolescents predict significant life events? - yes except death is overestimated |
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Term
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Definition
| error with chlamydia testing and risk perception |
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Term
| anchoring and adjustments |
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Definition
using a number affects judgements.
i.e. when college students perception of their own risk of others. when told others, their perception change relatively. |
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Term
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Definition
basic probabilitiy and numerical concepts
i.e. accuracy of judgements of risk with different numberacy levels of mommorgams
bettwe at absolute versus percentages (relative risk) |
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Term
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Definition
| i.e. probabilitiy of being a victim of burglary. |
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Term
| correlation not causation |
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Definition
| using fleschkincaid reading level. easy vs. hard wording could change results of the study. *needs random assignment |
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Term
| Behavior motivation hypothesis |
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Definition
Perceptions of personal risk cause people to take protective action
i.e. i feel like at risk for lyhme disease so I will get vaccinated. |
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Term
| Risk reappraisal hypothesis |
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Definition
change in behavior on changes in perceived risk.
i.e. now I am vaccinated so I feel at lower risk. |
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Term
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Definition
| people engage in risky behaviors have higher actual risk and should have higher perceived risk. |
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Term
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Definition
| people who agree to participate are different from those who do not - i.e. random dialing |
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Term
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Definition
| People who agree to participate again are different from those who do not systematically. |
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Term
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Definition
determine random conditions.
i.e. whether vaccinated or not for Lyme disease |
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Term
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Definition
Similar in attributes to population
i.e. random dialing |
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Term
| Conditional probabilities |
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Definition
| What is the probability you will get cancer if you smoke |
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Term
| Conditional probabilities |
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Definition
| What is the probability you will get cancer if you smoke |
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