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- Definition: when other countries send help
- Context: French and Spain send money, troops, supplies, and the French Navy
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- Definition: where the fighting is happening
- Context: After the French and Spanish joined the war there were many warfronts: the land, the states, the sea, and the frontier
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- Definition: A small band of fighters who weaken their enemy with surprise raids and hit-and-run attacks
- Context: Both the British and the Americans used this strategy to weaken the other side
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- Definition: professional soldiers hired to serve in foreign armies
- Context: The Hessians were mercenaries for the British from Germany
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- Definition: someone who doesn’t believe in war/fighting
- Context: Nathanael Greene was a pacifist but still helped with the war effort
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- Definition: ships owned by private individuals holding a government commission and authorized for use in war (to capture enemy merchant shipping)
- Context: Americans used privateers to attack British merchant ships, disrupted trade
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- Definition: A meeting place
- Context: St Leger, Howe, and Burgoyne planned to rendez-vous at Albany but were unsuccessful
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- Definition: Your plan of action
- Context: Britain’s strategy was to cut off New England from the rest of the colonies, Washington’s strategy was to avoid a crushing defeat
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- Definition: When the tide turns, something’s direction completely changes
- Context: Saratoga was a turning point in the war because it convinced Europeans that the Americans stood a chance
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- Definition: Someone who helps you, stands by you
- Context: France allied itself with America and then Spain does a year later
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- Definition: To abandon
- Context: many Americans deserted the Continental Army before their enlistments were up
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- Definition: Someone who sympathized with the King, didn’t want to be independent
- Context: about 20-30% of people were Loyalists when the war started, many were in the south
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- Definition: Someone who wanted to be independent
- Context: About 40-45% of people were Patriots when the war started, many of them were in New England
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