Term
| What is the season for Varicella-zoster? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the season for Measles? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the season for Mumps? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the season for RSV? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the season for Parainfluenza? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the season for Influenza? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the season for Enterovirus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the season for Arbovirus? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the season for Rotavirus? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Double stranded DNA
No envelope
Family Adenoviridae |
|
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Term
| Classify Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) |
|
Definition
Double stranded DNA
No envelope
Family Papoviridae |
|
|
Term
| Classify the Herpes viruses |
|
Definition
Double stranded DNA
Enveloped
Family Herpesviridae |
|
|
Term
| Classify Hepatitis B (HBV) |
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Definition
Partly double stranded DNA
Enveloped
Family Hepadnaviridae |
|
|
Term
| Classify the Enteroviruses |
|
Definition
Single stranded RNA that serves as mRNA
No envelope
Family picornaviridae
|
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Term
|
Definition
Single stranded RNA that serves as mRNA
No envelope
Family picornaviridae |
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Term
|
Definition
Single stranded RNA
No envelope
Family Caliciviridae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Single stranded RNA that serves as mRNA
Enveloped
Family Flaviviridae |
|
|
Term
| Classify the Rubella virus |
|
Definition
Single stranded RNA that serves as mRNA
Enveloped
Family Togaviridae |
|
|
Term
| Classify the Paramyxoviruses |
|
Definition
Single stranded RNA that is the template for mRNA
Enveloped
Family Paramyxoviridae |
|
|
Term
| Classify the Orthomyxoviruses |
|
Definition
Segmented single stranded RNA that is the template for mRNA
Enveloped
Family Orthomyxoviridae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Segmented double stranded RNA
No envelope
Family Reoviridae |
|
|
Term
| Classify the Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) |
|
Definition
Single stranded RNA that is the template for DNA
Enveloped
Family Retroviridae |
|
|
Term
| What are the different Herpes viruses? |
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Definition
Herpes simplex viruse types 1 and 2
Varicella-Zoster
Epstein-Barr
Cytomegalovirus
Human herpesviruses 6-8 |
|
|
Term
| What are the different Enteroviruses? |
|
Definition
Poliovirus
Coxsackievirus groups A and B
Echovirus
Enterovirus |
|
|
Term
| What are the Paramyxoviruses? |
|
Definition
Measles virus
Mumps virus
Parainfluenza virus
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) |
|
|
Term
| How is the Adenovirus transmitted? |
|
Definition
Respiratory
Fecal-oral
Direct contact (eye) |
|
|
Term
| How is the Human papiloma virus (HPV) transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are the Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV) transmitted? |
|
Definition
| Direct contact with infected secretions |
|
|
Term
| How is Varicella-zoster transmitted? |
|
Definition
| Close personal contact especially respiratory |
|
|
Term
| How is the Epstein-Barr virus transmitted? |
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Definition
| Close contact with infected saliva |
|
|
Term
| How is the Cytomegalovirus (CMV) transmitted? |
|
Definition
Close contact with infected secretions
Blood transfusions (WBCs)
Organ transplants
Transplancental |
|
|
Term
| How are the Herpesviruses 6 and 7 transmitted? |
|
Definition
| Contact via respiratory route |
|
|
Term
| How is the Herpesvirus 8 transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is Hepatitis B transmitted? |
|
Definition
Exchange of body secretions
Contaminated blood products |
|
|
Term
| How are the Enteroviruses transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is Hepatitis A transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is Hepatitis E transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is Hepatitis C transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is the Rubella virus transmitted? |
|
Definition
Respiratory
Transplancental |
|
|
Term
| How is the Measles virus transmitted? |
|
Definition
Contact with respiratory secretions
Extremely contagious |
|
|
Term
| How is the Mumps virus transmitted? |
|
Definition
| Person-to-person contact, respiratory droplets |
|
|
Term
| How is the Parainfluenza virus transmitted? |
|
Definition
| Contact with respiratory secretions |
|
|
Term
| How is the Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) transmitted? |
|
Definition
| Person-to-person by hand and respiratory contact |
|
|
Term
| How is the Influenza virus transmitted? |
|
Definition
| Contact with respiratory secretions |
|
|
Term
| How is the Rotavirus transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sexual contact
Blood and blood product exposure
Perinatal exposure |
|
|
Term
| What does the Adenovirus cause? |
|
Definition
| Pharyngitis, pneumonia, hemorrhagic cysititis, gastroenteritis in children |
|
|
Term
| What does the Human papiloma virus (HPV) cause? |
|
Definition
Skin, genital and anal warts
Benign head and neck tumors
Cervical and penile cancer |
|
|
Term
| What do Herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 cause? |
|
Definition
HSV-1: cold sores, fever blisters, whitlow
HSV-2: genital herpes |
|
|
Term
| What does the Varicella-zoster virus cause? |
|
Definition
Varicella - chickenpox
Zoster - shingles |
|
|
Term
| What does the Epstein-Barr virus cause? |
|
Definition
Infectious mononucleosis
Progressive lymphoreticular disease
Burkitt's lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| What dose the Cytomegalovirus (CMV) cause? |
|
Definition
Asymptomatic infection
Congenital disease of the newborn
Heterophile-negative infectious mononucleosis |
|
|
Term
| What do the Herpes simplex viruses 6 and 7 cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the Human herpes virus 8 cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does Hepatitis B cause? |
|
Definition
Acute hepatitis with resolution
Fulminant hepatitis
Chronic hepatitis |
|
|
Term
| What do the Enteroviruses cause? |
|
Definition
Poliomyelitis
Hand-foot-mouth disease
Pleurodynia
Aseptic meningitis
Summer "flu" |
|
|
Term
| What does Hepatitis A cause? |
|
Definition
| Hepatitis, not very serious |
|
|
Term
| What does Hepatitis E cause? |
|
Definition
Hepatitis similar to A
High mortality rate in pregnany women |
|
|
Term
| What does Hepatitis C cause? |
|
Definition
Acute and chronic hepatitis
Hepatocellular cancer |
|
|
Term
| What does the Rubella virus cause? |
|
Definition
Rubella
Congenital rubella |
|
|
Term
| What does the Measles virus cause? |
|
Definition
Measles
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis |
|
|
Term
| What does the Mumps virus cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the Parainfluenza virus cause? |
|
Definition
Adults: upper respiratory, rarely pneumonia
Children: respiratory including croup, bronchiolitis, pneumonia |
|
|
Term
| What does the Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cause? |
|
Definition
Infants: bronchiolitis, penumonia and croup
Children: upper respiratory |
|
|
Term
| What does the Influenza A virus cause? |
|
Definition
Influenza
Primary influenza pneumonia
Brocnhiolitis, croup, otitis media |
|
|
Term
| What does the Influenza B virus cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the Rotavirus cause? |
|
Definition
| Gastroenteritis in infants and children 6 months to 2 years |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is the Adenovirus cultured? |
|
Definition
HEp-2
6 days to isolation
Cells look like a bunch of grapes
Confirm by immunofluorescence
Serotype by cell culture neutralization |
|
|
Term
| How is the Varicella-zoster virus cultured? |
|
Definition
HDF
7 days to isolation
Shell vial culture
Confirm by immunofluorescence |
|
|
Term
| How is the Cytomegalovirus (CMV) cultured? |
|
Definition
Classic Owl eye apperance
HDF
6-10 days to isolation
Shell vial culture
Confirm by immunofluorescence |
|
|
Term
| How are the Human herpesviruses 6 and 7 cultured? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are the Enteroviruses cultured? |
|
Definition
PMK
4 days to isolation
Identify by cell culture neutralization test |
|
|
Term
| How is the Measles virus cultured? |
|
Definition
PMK
Cytopathic effect usually not seen
Identify by immunofluorescence |
|
|
Term
| How is the Parainfluenza virus cultured? |
|
Definition
PMK
6-11 days to isolation
Shell vial culture
Cytopathic effect usually not seen
Identify by immunofluorescence |
|
|
Term
| How is the Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) cultured? |
|
Definition
HEp-2
6-8 days to isolation
Glassy syncytial giant cells
Confirm by immunofluorescence |
|
|
Term
| How are the Influenza A and B viruses cultured? |
|
Definition
PMK
4 days to isolation
No cytopathic effects
Idnetify by immunofluorescence |
|
|
Term
| How is the Human papiloma virus (HPV) diagnosed? |
|
Definition
Direct detection:
Cytology (pap smear)
DNA probes |
|
|
Term
| How is the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) diagnosed? |
|
Definition
| Serology for antigens and antibodies |
|
|
Term
| How is the Human herpesvirus 8 diagnosed? |
|
Definition
| Direct detection: in situ hybridization |
|
|
Term
| How is the Hepatitis B virus diagnosed? |
|
Definition
| Serology for antigens and antibodies |
|
|
Term
| How is the Hepatitis A virus diagnosed? |
|
Definition
| Serology for IgM and IgG antibodies |
|
|
Term
| How is the Hepatitis E virus diagnosed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is the Rubella virus diagnosed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are the Paramyxoviruses diagnosed? |
|
Definition
Direct detection:
Detect by hemadsorption with guinea pig RBCs
Identify by immunofluorescence |
|
|
Term
| How are the Influenza A and B viruses diagnosed? |
|
Definition
Direct detection:
Detect by hemadsorption or hemagglutination with guinea pig RBCs
Idnetify by immunofluorescence |
|
|
Term
| How is the Rotavirus diagnosed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Serology:
ELISA
Western blot immunoassay |
|
|
Term
| What is the persisting antigen in chronic hepatitis B? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the Hepatitis B virion also called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Minor antigenic change
Causes Influenza A and B outbreaks every 1-3 years |
|
|
Term
| When is the best time to collect a specimen for viral culture? |
|
Definition
| As early as possible, preferably during the vesicle stage |
|
|
Term
| How are viral specimens stored? |
|
Definition
If they can't be processed immediatly store at 4C
Freeze at -70C never -20C |
|
|
Term
| What are the three categories of viral cell culture? |
|
Definition
Primary
Cell lines
Established cell lines |
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristics of primary cell culture? |
|
Definition
Diploid
Mixed cell types
One or two passages |
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristics of cell lines? |
|
Definition
Diploid
Fibroblasts
Passages limited to 50
|
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristics of established cell lines? |
|
Definition
Heteroploid
Indefinite passages |
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|
