Term
A separate sensory store for each sensory system (vision, hearing, etc.) holds brief traces of all information registered by that system.
Unconscious processes may operate on these traces to decide which information pass on to working memory. |
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This store is where conscious mental work takes place on information brought in from sensory memory and long-term memory.
It is also called short-term memory because information no longer attended to quickly disappears from it. |
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This is the repository of all that a person knows.
Information here is dormant, being actively processed only when it is brought into working memory. |
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Attention brings information from sensory memory into working memory.
Encoding brings information from working memory into long-term memory.
Retrieval brings information from long-term memory into working memory. |
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| Type of sensory memory from visual stimuli |
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| Memory based on the sensory perception of sound. |
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| Type of long-term memory in which we store memories of fact (subdivided into semantic and episodic memory) |
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| Explicit Memory (see declarative memory) |
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| Type of long-term memory in which we store memories of fact (e.g., birth dates, historical dates) |
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| Declarative Memory (see explicit memory) |
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| Type of long-term, declarative memory in which we store memories of personal experiences that are tied to particular times and places (e.g., "last night I went to a 9:00 movie") Also comprised of eye-witness testimony. Is susceptible to subsequent events like questioning, reading the newspaper, talking to others about the event. |
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| Type of long-term memory in which we store general world knowledge like facts, ideas, words, problem solving, etc. |
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| Long-term memory involves recollection of skills, things you know how to do, preferences, etc? (e.g., riding a bicycle) |
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| Implicit (also known as nondeclarative) Memory |
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| The process of breaking down sensed information into a form we understand and getting it into the memory system for storage and later retrieval. |
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| We forget most of what we learn withing the first day if it does not have any specific importance to us. Nonsense words. |
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| A way of organizing information into familiar groupings. |
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| Memory aids. Anything you do (any technique you use) to help you remember something. (e.g., "Emma has a dilemma" is considered to be one, if you use it to remember how to spell "dilemma") |
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| Type of forgetting that occurs when memories fade over time. Does NOT apply to Long Term Memory, but rather sensory storage and Short Term Memory. |
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| Forgetting occurs because the recall of certain items intereferes with the recall of other items. This theory tries to explain slower learning and poorer memory. |
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