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Review for 2nd Six Weeks Test
Formulas, Evidence, Equations, SVA, Forces, Newton's Laws
33
Science
8th Grade
11/03/2014

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Cards

Term
What is inertia?
Definition
An objects resistance to change in motion
Term
Explain Newton's First Law of Motion.
Definition
Newton's first law is the law of inertia - an object at rest remains at rest, an object in motion remains in motion at a constant speed and in the same direction until acted on by an unbalanced force.
Term
Explain Newton's Second Law.
Definition

2nd Law is the Law of Mass and Acceleration -

Force = Mass x Acceleration

more force = more acceleration

less mass = more acceleration

Term
Explain Newton's Third Law
Definition
Newton's third law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Term
Describe the motion of an object that has balanced forces acting on it.
Definition
If forces are balanced there is no change in motion.
Term
What type of force causes a change in motion?
Definition
Unbalanced forces cause a change in motion
Term
How can you tell if a chemcial equation obeys the law of conservation of mass?
Definition
Count the number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation - if the numbers are the same the equation is balanced and it follows the law of conservation of mass
Term

2H2O -------> 2H2 + O2

 

Identify the reactants.

Definition
2H2O
Term

2H2O -------> 2H2 + O2

 

Identify the products.

Definition
2H2 + O2
Term

2H2O -------> 2H2 + O2

 

How many elements are involved in this reaction?

Definition
2
Term
___g of potassium reacts with 32g of oxygen to produce 188g of potassium oxide
Definition
156g potassium
Term
What is the velocity of a person who runs 100 meters in 20 seconds going east on Highland Knolls?
Definition
5 m/s east
Term
Motion is change in ____________
Definition
position
Term
What are three ways an object can accelerate?
Definition

1.  Speed up

2.  Slow down

3.  Change direction

Term
What is velocity?
Definition
Speed + direction
Term
A high speed train travels with an average speed of 50 km/hr for 5 hrs.  How far does the train travel?
Definition
250 km (d = S x t)
Term
What unit is acceleration measured in?
Definition
m/s2
Term
What unit is used to measure force?
Definition
Newtons (N)
Term

CH3COOH

How many elements are in this formula?

Definition
3
Term

4 Ba(OH)2

How many total atoms are there?

Definition
20
Term
What evidence indicates that a chemcial reaction has occurred?
Definition
  1. change in temperature
  2. change in color
  3. new substance produced
  4. light produced
  5. gas produced
Term

Calculate the net force and give the direction of motion for the car.

 

[image]

Definition
Net force is 1N - motion will be towards the right
Term
A bike has a mass of 20kg.  A small car has a mass of 1000kg.  A force is applied to accelerate the car to 1m/s2.  If the same force was applied to the bike, what would the bikes acceleration be?[image]
Definition

50 m/s2

For the car:  F=ma = 1000 x 1 = 1000N

For the bike:

A= F/m= 1000/20 = 50m/s2

Term
What subatomic particle is used to identify an element?
Definition
protons
Term
What determines an elements reactivity?
Definition
valence electrons
Term
What particles have the same mass and location in an atom?
Definition
protons and neutrons
Term
On the periodic table of elements, members of the same family/group have the same number of what?
Definition
Valence electrons
Term
On the periodic table of elements, members of the same period (row) have the same number of what?
Definition
Energy levels/electron shells
Term

Describe the motion of the ball shown in the graph:

[image]

 

Definition
The ball traveled at a constant speed from 0 - 2 seconds.  From 2-4 seconds the ball stopped moving.  from 4-5 seconds the ball moved back towards its starting point.
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