Term
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Definition
| produced by type II pneumo; increase compliance decrease surface etneion and work of inspiration |
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Term
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Definition
| vascular dilation, smooth mm dilator |
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Term
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Definition
| increases bronchoconstriciton |
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Term
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Definition
| inactivates bradykinin -> normally causes cough and angioedema |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| air in lung after max expiration |
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Term
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Definition
| air that can still be breathed out after normal expiration |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| excess of total volume that moves into lung on max inspiration |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| R and compliance of pulmonary circulation |
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Definition
| low R and high compliance |
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Term
| effect of decreased PAO2 on the plum circulation |
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Definition
| hypoxic vasoconstriction, shifts blood away from poorly ventilated regions |
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Term
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Definition
| O2 (normal), CO2, N2O; gas equilibrates along capillary; diffusion can only be increased if blood flow increases |
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Term
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Definition
| O2 (emphysema, fibrosis), CO; gas does not equilibrate by the time the endif the capillary |
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Term
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Definition
| TV x [(PaCO2 - PeCO2) / PaCO2] |
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Term
| inward and outward pull at FRC |
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Definition
| balanced and is atmospheric |
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Term
| effects of FRC with emphysema |
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Definition
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Term
| effect of FRC with fibrosis |
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Definition
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Term
| effect of compliance with emphysema |
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Definition
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Term
| effect of compliance with fibrosis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what is positive cooperatively? |
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Definition
| when 1 O2 is bound, then it is easier for successive O2 to bind |
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Term
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Definition
| increased Cl, H, Co1, 2,3-BPG, temp |
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Term
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Definition
| Fe3 does not bind O2 but increased affinity for CN |
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Term
|
Definition
- nitrites to oxidize Hb to methemoglobin
- thiosulfate bind CN which is renal excreted |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| bound to CO in place of O2 200X greater; left shift |
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Term
| causes of R shift on O2-Hb diss curve |
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Definition
| Co2, BPG, Exercise, acid/altitude, temp |
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Term
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Definition
| left = higher affinity for oxygen than adult Hb |
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Term
| when O2-Hb curve shifts right what happens to affinity for Hb? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| COPD, mitral stenosis, recurrent thromboemboli, AI dx, L -> R shunt, sleep apnea, living at high altitude |
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|
Term
pulm HTN mechanism of:
- COPD
- mitral stenosis
- AI
- L -> R shunt
- sleep apnea/high altitude |
|
Definition
- destruction of parenchyma
- inc R -> inc P
- dec cross-sec area of plum vasc bed
- inc shear stress -> endothel injury
- hypoxic vasoconstriction |
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Term
|
Definition
- (Ppulmart - Platrium) / Q
- 8nl / (pi)r^4 |
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Term
| what Hb level do you see cyanosis? |
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Definition
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|
Term
effect of O2 content f blood ace Hb dec
- effect of O2 sat?
- effect of arterial PO2? |
|
Definition
- decreases
- stays same
- stays same |
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Term
| arterial PO2 with chronic lung disease |
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Definition
| decreases because physiologic shunt decreases O2 extraction ratio |
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Term
| O2 delivery to tissues equation |
|
Definition
| O2 delivery = Q x O2 content of blood |
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Term
|
Definition
PAO2 = PIO2 - PaO2/R
PIO2 = 150 and R = 0.8 |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| causes of increased Aa gradient |
|
Definition
| shunting, V/Q mismatch, fibrosis |
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Term
| hypoxemia with normal Aa gradient |
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Definition
| high altitude, hypoventilation |
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Term
| hypoxemia with inc Aa gradient |
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Definition
| V/Q mismatch, diffusion limitation, R to L shunt |
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Term
| hypoxia with normal Aa gradient |
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Definition
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Term
| hypoxia with inc Aa gradient |
|
Definition
| anemia, cyanide poisoning, CO poisoning |
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Term
| ischemia with normal Aa gradient |
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Definition
| impeded arterial flow, reduced venous drainage |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| area of the lung that TB thrives |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| VQ in blood flow obstruction |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| HCO3 = 90%, bound as carbamino-Hb = 5%, dissolved CO2 = 5% |
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|
Term
| what is the Haldane effect |
|
Definition
| oxygenation of Hb promotes dissociation of H+ from Hb which shifts equilibrium toward CO2 formation so CO2 is released from RBCs |
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Term
|
Definition
| in peripheral tissue, inc H+ from tissue metabolism shifts the curve R and unloads O2 |
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Term
| high altitude: ventilation |
|
Definition
| acute inc and chronic inc |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| high altitude: result of pulmonary vasoconst |
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Definition
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|
Term
| high altitude: cellular changes |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
inc CO2, O2 consumption, ventilation rate, pulmonary blood flow, venous CO2
dec pH
no change PaO2 and PaCO2
more uniform VQ |
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