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| extreme decrease in the amount of oxygen in the body with increase of carbon dioxide leads to losss of consciousness or death |
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| spasm and narrowing of bronchi, leading to bronchial airway obstruction. |
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| indicates dilation or expansion |
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| hyperinflation of air sacs with destructive of alveolar walls. Along with chronic bronchitits and asthma, emphysema is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
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| blood in the pleural cavity (space between the plueral membranes) |
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| abnormal condition of dust in the lungs |
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| inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of in the inflammatory reaction |
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| an infectious disease caused by bacteria (bacilli). The lungs and other organs are affected. Signs and symptoms are cough, weight loss, night sweats, hemoptysis and pleuritic pain. |
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| visual examiniation ofthe bronchial tubes with an endoscope |
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| x-ray image of the chest in the AP (anterposterior), PA (posterior anterior) and lateral views |
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| Computed tomography CT scan |
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| cross sectional x-ray images of the chest |
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| visual examination of the larynx via the placement of a flexible tube (laryngoscope) through the nose or mouth and into the larynx |
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| Magnetic resonance imaging MRI |
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| Magnetic waves and radiofrequency waves create images of the chest in three planes of the body |
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| x-ray images are taken of the blood vessels in the lung after the injection of contrast material into a blood vessel. A blockage, such as a pulmonary embolism, can be located with this procedure. |
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| Pulmonary Ventilation-perfusion scans |
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| procedures that show air flow (ventilation) and blood supply (perfusion) to the lungs via the distribution or radioactive material in the lung tissue after the radioactive materail is intravenously injected or is inhaled |
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| a patient expels sputum by coughing and the sputum is analyzed for bacterial content |
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| agents are applied to the skin with punctures or injection and the reaction is noted. Redness and swelling result in people sensitive to the test substance and indicate previous or current infection with tuberculosis |
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| a tube is placed through the nose or mouth into the trachea to establish an airway during surgery and for placement on a respirator (a machine that moves air into and out of the lungs) |
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| a needle is inserted thorugh the skin between the ribs and into the pleural spacce to drain a pleural effusion |
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| incision of the chest to remove a lung (pneumonectomy) or a portion of a lung (lobectomy) |
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| Creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck and the insertion of a tube to create an airway |
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| Carbon dioxide (gas expelled from the lungs) |
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| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic bronchitis and emphysems) |
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| Cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
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| oxygen (gas entering the bloodstream through the lungs) |
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| Pulmonary embolism (blockage of vessels in the lung by a blood clot) |
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| Upper respiratory infection |
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| Video-assisted thoracic surgery (using small incisions and an endoscope) |
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