Term
| Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by |
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Definition
| inflammation of the airways, bronchial hyperreactivity, and bronchospasm. |
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Term
| What is often an underlying cause of Asthma? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are most drugs administered for asthma? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Why are drugs for asthma administered by inhalation? |
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Definition
| Because this route increases therapeutic effects, reduces systemic effects, and facilitates rapid relief. of acute attacks. |
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Term
| What are the 3 devices used for inhalation? |
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Definition
metered dose inhaler(MDI)
dry powder inhaler (DPI)
nebulizer |
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Term
| What are the most effective antiasthma drugs available? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do Glucocorticoids do? |
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Definition
| reduce symptoms of asthma by suppressing inflammation. |
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Term
| What is an added bonus of Glucocorticoids? |
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Definition
| they promote synthesis of bronchial beta2 receptors, and increase their responsiveness to beta2 agonists. |
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Term
| WHY are Glucocorticoids used? |
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Definition
| longterm prophylaxis of asthma... not for aborting aborting an ongoing attack. Administered on a fixed schedule, not a PRN. |
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Term
| Glucocorticoids should only be administered by inhalation if? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the principal side effects of glucocorticoids? |
|
Definition
| oropharyngeal candidisis and dysphonia. |
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Term
| How do you minimize the effects of oropharyngeal candidisis and dysphonia when administering glucocorticoids? |
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Definition
| By using a spacer and gargling after use. |
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Term
| How do you minimize bone loss during clucocorticoids use? |
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Definition
| Dosage should be as low as possible. patients should perform regular weight-bearing exercise and should insure adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D. |
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Term
| How do inhaled clucocorticoids effect growth? |
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Definition
| Can slow growth rate of children, but they do not reduce adult height. |
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Term
| Prolonged therapy with oral glucocoritcoids can cause serious adverse effects. What are they? (5) |
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Definition
adrenal suppression
ostioporosis
hyperglycemia
peptic ulcer disease
growth suppression |
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Term
| Due to oral glucocorticoids,how do you supplement for adrenal suppression during times of stress? |
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Definition
| supplemental does of oral or IV glucocorticoids |
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Term
| Cromolyn is an inhaled anti-inflammatory drug used for??? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How does Cromolyn reduce inflammation? |
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Definition
| by preventing release of mediators from mast cells. |
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Term
| When is Cromolyn given on a daily fixed schedule? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| For prophylaxis of exercise-induced bronchospasm, Cromolyn should be administered how long before anticipated exertion? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the safest drug for asthma? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do Beta2 agonists work? |
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Definition
| By promoting bronchodilation by activating beta2 receptors in bronchial smooth muscle. |
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Term
| what is the most effective drug for relieving acute bronchospasm and preventing exercise induced bronchospasm. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the 3 inhaled beta2 agonists? |
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Definition
arformoterol
formoterol
salmeterol |
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Term
| Inhaled beta2 agonists are used for |
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Definition
| long duration of action and are indicated for long-term use. |
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