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| Metabolic reactions that use the energy from carbohydrate, fatty acid, or amino acid breakdown to produce ATP molecules |
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| Ability of certain membranes to use hydrogen ion gradient to drive ATP formation |
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| Cyclic metabolic pathway found in the matrix of the mitochondria that participates in cellular respiration |
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| Short, fingerlike projections formed by the folding of the inner membrane of mitochondria |
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| Chain of electron carriers in the cristae of mitochondria and the thylakoid membrade of chloroplats. As the electrons pass from one carrier to the next, energy is released and used the establish a hydrogen ion gradient that is used to produce ATP |
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| Coenyme of oxidation-reduction that becomes FADH2 as oxidation of substrares occurs and then delivers electrons to the electron transport system in the mitochondria during cellular respiration |
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| Anaerobic breakdown of glucose that results in a gain of two ATP and end products such and alcohol and lactate |
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| Significant metabolite in both the glycolytic pathway and the Calvin cycle; G3P is oxidized during glycolysis |
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| Anaerobic metabolic pathway found in the cytoplasm that participates in cellular respiration and fermentation; it converts glucose to two molecules of pyruvate |
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| Substrate-level ATP synthesis |
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