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Respiration
Vocabulary and equations to know
15
Physiology
Graduate
01/10/2011

Additional Physiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Equation for ventilation
Definition
Amount of air/Unit time X tidal volume
Term
Equation for perfusion
Definition
perfusion=pulminary blood flow (HR X RVSV).  This is equal to cardiac output of the left ventricle in a normal situation.
Term

In the relationship of perfusion and ventilation:

A) Ventilation should be higher than perfusion to ensure full gas exchange.

B) Ventilation and perfusion should be similar.

C) Perfusion should be higher than ventilation to ensure adequate blood flow.

D) Ventilation and Perfusion are bad and must be stopped.

Definition
B) Ventilation and perfusion should be similar.
Term
How different can PvO2 be from PAO2 to not be considered pathologic?
Definition
15mmHg
Term
equation for partial pressure
Definition

Concentration % X total pressure

 

partial pressure=total pressure-Vapor pressure X % concentration

Term
The act of contracting smooth muscle to divert blood flow to better functioning areas of the lung to prevent decreased ventilation/over ventilation.  
Definition
Hypoxic vasoconstriction.  Keeps ventilation:perfusion ratio optimal.
Term
Downside of hypoxic vasoconstriction
Definition
Increased right ventricular after load.
Term
equation of the respiratory quotent
Definition

O2 used/CO2 produced.

 

Healthy is about 0.8 (250ml/min / 200ml/min)

Term

Largest transport form of CO2

Lowest transport form of CO2

Carried transporter of CO2

Definition

Bicarbonate (70%)

5-8% dissolved in plasma as carbon dioxide

25% on hemoglobin

Term
The most important factor in determining the regulation of breathing by being sensed by carrotid chemoreceptors.  Controls rate and depth of inspiration.
Definition
CO2
Term
How much air is inspired with each breath?  How does this compare with the amount of air in the lung at any given time?
Definition

500ml per breath.

 

3L of air are present in the lung at any given time.  Mixing occurs.

Term
Holes in alveoli which allow air to transport between them.
Definition
Pores of Kohn.
Term

The term that causes bronchioles to be held open, even in expiration, due to a tethering of alveoli to the sheath of the airway.

 

Dysfunction of this can cause what disease?

Definition

Radial traction.

 

Can cause emphysema if dysfunctional.

Term
This factor much be much lower in pulmonary circulation than in systemic circulation to allow for an equal volume of blood to be transferred while pressure is much lower.
Definition
Resistance.
Term
Provides nutrition to lung tissue.
Definition
Bronchiole arteries (part of systemic circulation)
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