Term
| The Scientific Method is? |
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Definition
ü Be able to describe the steps of the Scientific Method
- Define the Problem
- Generate a hypothesis (best guess of what results will be obtained) formulated from the research question
- Gather necessary materials to test the hypotheses
- Carry out procedures designed to test the hypothesis
- Collect and analyzes the data
- Generate conclusions based on accepting or rejecting the hypotheses |
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Term
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Definition
ü Be able to define and identify a Hypothesis and formulate a statement
– Formulate a question into a hypothesis
– A hypothesis states what our guess is
– it could be what we think an association is
– it could also be the effect a treatment intervention may have
– A research paper must have a hypothesis(es) or a research question(s)
Null and Alternative (Directional) Hypothesisis- A null hypothesis is a variable necessary to logically compare the outcome of the statistical analysis to this statement |
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Term
| Define Inductive Reasoning. |
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Definition
ü Measures the ability to work flexibly with unfamiliar information and find solutions.
Leads to theory development |
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Term
| Define Deductive Reasoning. |
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Definition
| its major premise is based on a rule, law, principle, or generalization – leads to theory testing |
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Term
| Define Retrospective study. |
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Definition
Uses existing data that has been recorded for reasons usually other than research. |
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Term
| Define Prospective Studies. |
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Definition
| It is a study where participant are identified and then followed a length of time subsequently. |
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Term
| Define Longitudinal study. |
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Definition
Is a group of individuals at regular intervals over a relatively long period of time and data collected. |
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Term
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Definition
A characteristic or occurrence under investigation in a research study
Quantitative
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Term
| Independent Variable (experimental design) is? |
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Definition
A variable that is part of the situation that exist from which originates the stimulus given to a dependent variable. Includes treatment, state of variable, such as age, size, weight, etc. |
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Term
| Define a Dependent Variable (experimental design). |
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Definition
| A variable that receives stimulus and measured for the effect the treatment has had upon it. |
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Term
A Confounding Variable (experimental design) is? An unforeseen, and unaccounted-for variable that jeopardizes reliability and validity of an experiment's outcome. |
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Definition
| An unforeseen, and unaccounted-for variable that jeopardizes reliability and validity of an experiment's outcome. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group in an experiment that does not receive treatment in order to compare untreated subjects . |
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Term
An experimental Groups is? |
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Definition
| The group of participants in a clinical study who receive the actual drug or treatment being studied – treated subjects. |
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Term
Define Single blind Design. |
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Definition
| Typically, a study designed in which the investigator, but not the subject, knows the treatment assignment. Occasionally the subject, rather than the investigator, knows the assignment to avoid the placebo effect (the power of suggestion). |
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Term
A Double-Blinded Study is? |
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Definition
| An experimental procedure in which neither the subjects of the experiment nor the persons administering the experiment know the critical aspects of the experiment; "a double-blind procedure is used to guard against both experimenter bias and placebo effects" |
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Term
A Type I error occurs when? |
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Definition
| It occurs when one rejects the null hypothesis, when it is true- a one-tailed test of hypothesis is used when one talks about type I error. |
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Term
Type II errors occur when? |
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Definition
| It occurs when one rejects the alternative hypothesis (fails to reject the null hypothesis) when the alternative hypothesis is true- is denoted by beta. |
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Term
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Definition
A method of investigation that includes patient interviews and detailed case
Studies. |
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Term
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Definition
| Found as many incidents, events or activities as possible to provide support for the categories. - find no new information regarding the research- exhaust all available data. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is data collected and analytic categories, interpretations and conclusions are tested with members of those groups from whom the data were originally obtained- formally and informally - viewed as a technique for establishing to the validity of an account-- but controversial. |
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Term
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Definition
| A process of exposing a subject to peers and feedback concerning accuracy of data collection. (used with Qualitative study) |
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Term
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Definition
| Involves using multiple data sources in an investigation to produce understanding. |
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Term
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Definition
| For the researcher to acknowledge their role and the situation of the nature of their research. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
is collecting data
1) raw data; 2) analysis notes; 3) reconstruction and synthesis products; 4) process notes;
5) personal notes; 6) preliminary developmental information |
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