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| Field of philosophical study concerned with the nature and slope of knowledge. Referred to as "THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE." |
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| Field of philosophical study concerned with the nature and slope of knowledge. Referred to as "THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE." |
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| Philosophical study of being and reality. Investigates what makes a human, human institutional, social, and technological conventions. |
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| Basically, what every theory is based upon. When approaching political theories, one can ask EMPIRICAL QUESTIONS (WHAT HAPPENED AND WHY) NORMATIVE QUESTIONS (WHAT SHOULD HAVE HAPPENED?) |
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| Science is defined by the method, not by the subject. It is a way of investigating the world and finding answers for why things work the way they do. Ideally, looking at facts w/o being influenced by bias to arrive at knowledge |
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| The study of theory and practice of politics, political systems, behavior & culture. Poly scientists look at relationships underlying political events & conditions and construct general principles about the political world. It was established as a social science in the 19th century but has ancient roots like Plato & Aristotle. |
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| An approach to psych, philosophy, methodology, and theory derived from Watson & Skinner. It holds that science should concern itself with observable behavior of humans, not w/ unobservable events that take place in their minds. In the 50's and 60's behavioral revolution changed the focus from institutions/interpretation of legal texts to focused on political behavior. Criticized by conservatives and others for being a sort of "naive empiricism" and norms should be more important. |
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| Epistemology positive attitude towards the results of scientific investigation with regards to observable and non-aspects of the world. Sort of the opposite of post-modernism. |
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| Anti-foundational which means that any system in place is a mere social construction because there is no universally accepted standard for truth or right & wrong. Maintains that each individual person defines their own right and wrong. |
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| A philosophy that knowledge from empirical evidence is the exclusive source of authoritative knowledge.Rejects theism and metaphysics. |
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| A British Philosopher who held that you need to know what you're looking for, not just observe like the positivists said. He criticized the idea of induction and said that scientific knowledge comes from deduction or a process of elimination. "You" begin w/ General -->specific. You only gain knowledge through refutation or falsification; not through confirmation. He had idea of "open society". |
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| Introduced the idea of "paradigm shifts" or a change in basic assumptions, he also held that they are rapid, not gradual. He said that, given the dynamic nature of science, when a paradigm is replaced by a new one, the new one is always better, not just different. Scientists subjective experiences related science and it became more political that scientific. |
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| Scientific Revolution/Enlightenment |
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| (Age of Reason) was a cultural movement in the late 17th-18th century Europe. Age of art and intellectual philosophy, scientific though & skepticism. Jumped to American colonies with ppl like Thomas Jefferson, Ben Franklin & others. |
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| Refers to concepts that universal applicability. Claims that religion is one universal human quality. Propounded during the enlightenment. Often synonymous with Abrahamic religions. |
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| Early approach to science. Focused on "truth" the philosophy of ancient Greeks... |
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| German-American philosopher, felt that political scientists should focus on the problem/relationship of human excellence and political virtue. He criticized modernity for attempting to separate theology from politics. Thought pre-modern thinkers needed to look back at classical political philosophy to reconstruct modern philosophy theology and politics to deal w/ tensions in human society. |
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| The guy who launched a poli-sci revolution saying the prescribed methods for poly-sci are unnecessarily narrow and overly quantitative. Said we need methodological pluralism or many different means of political scientific research. Name is based off Gerbachev's "reconstructing" and liberalization of the Soviet Union's economy. He also criticized how power is organized in the APSA. |
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