Term
| Order of maturation of sex cells |
|
Definition
| spermato/oogonium -> primary spermato/oocyte -> secondary spermato/oocyte -> spermatid/ovum -> spermatozoan |
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Term
|
Definition
Kleinfelter's Syndrome (XXY)
Inactivated X chromosome |
|
|
Term
| Preductal coarctation of the aorta |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| MCC of primary ammenorrhea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 5-alpha reductase deficiency |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| etiology of a hydatiform mole |
|
Definition
| 2 sperm fertilze an empty egg (46 XX or XY) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2 sperm fertilize 1 egg (69 XXY) |
|
|
Term
| Painful bleeding in 3rd trimester |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Painless bleeding at any point during pregnancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pain during pregnancy w/o bleeding |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Massive bleeding after pregnancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amniotic fluid abnormality associated w/ anencephaly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amniotic fluid abnormality associated w/ esophageal or duodenal atresia |
|
Definition
| polyhydramnios (can't swallow amniotic fluid) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
potential outcome of oligohydramnios
limb and facial abnormalities and pulmonary hypoplasia |
|
|
Term
| Amniotic fluid abnormality associated w/ maternal diabetes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Amniotic fluid abnormality assoc w/ renal agenesis or posterior urethral valves |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| MC gynecologic malignancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dysgerminoma
Choriocarcinoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Endodermal Sinus tumor in boys and girls
glomeruloid formation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Dysgerminomas- uniform appearance. |
|
|
Term
| General Tumor marker for ovarian tumors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ovarian tumor w/ fallopian tube-type epith |
|
Definition
| serous cystadenocarcinoma |
|
|
Term
| Ovarian Tumor w/ endocervical type epith |
|
Definition
mucinous cystadenocarcinoa
secretes mucus |
|
|
Term
| Ovarian tumor associated w/ pseudomyxoma peritonei |
|
Definition
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
intraperitoneal accumulation of mucinous material |
|
|
Term
| Ovarian tumor w/ transitional epith |
|
Definition
Brenner Tumor (benign)
Benign looks like bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Laminated calcifications (PSaMMoma):
1. Papillary Thyroid Cancer
2. Serous cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary (malignant)
3. Meningioma
4. Malignant Mesothelioma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fibroma (benign Sex chord tumor)
Triad of ovarian fibroma, ascites, and hydrothorax |
|
|
Term
| Ovarian tumor w/ bundles of spindle shaped fibroblasts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ovarian tumor(s) that secretes-estrogen |
|
Definition
Granulosa Cell Tumor (malignant)
Thecoma (benign) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Granulosa Cell tumor (malignant)
small follicules filled with eosinophilic secretions that form rosettes |
|
|
Term
| Cancer assoc. w/ DES exposure in utero |
|
Definition
| Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma |
|
|
Term
| Vagninal Small blue cell tumor of childhood |
|
Definition
| Sarcoma Botryoides/embryonoal rhabdomyosarcoma |
|
|
Term
| grape-like masses portrude from the vagina of a child < 5 yo |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Desmin positive tumor w/ skeletal muscle differentiation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cancer assoc. w/ painless post-coital bleeding |
|
Definition
| Squamous Cell carcinoma of the vagina |
|
|
Term
| MC breast tumor in females < 25 yo |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mobile, firm mass w/ sharp edges in breast |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tumor that grows in the lactiferous ducts |
|
Definition
| intraductal papilloma (benign) |
|
|
Term
| Serous or bloody discharge from nipple |
|
Definition
| Intraductal papilloma (benign) |
|
|
Term
| "Leaf-like" projections on breast |
|
Definition
Phyllodes tumor (benign)
6th decade |
|
|
Term
| Most important prognostic factor in malignant breast tumors |
|
Definition
| Axillary lymph node involvement |
|
|
Term
| MC malignant breast cancer and presentation |
|
Definition
Invasive Ductal
presents as a painless mass |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inflammaory carcinoma of the breast
appearance caused by dermal lymphatic invasion |
|
|
Term
| Breast carcinoma that exhibits caseous necrosis |
|
Definition
Comedocarcinoma
ductal carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| Eczematous pathes on nipple |
|
Definition
Paget's dz
suggests underlying carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| MCC of breast lumps ages 25-menopause |
|
Definition
benign fibrocystic dz
usually tender |
|
|
Term
| MC pathogen in acute mastitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. fat necrosis (benign)- forms as a result of injury to breast tissue
2. Invasive Ductal carcinmoa (malignant) |
|
|
Term
| area of prostate affected by BPH |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| area of prostate most affected by prostate adenocarcinoma |
|
Definition
| peripheral zone/posterior lobe |
|
|
Term
| MC site of metastasis of prostate cancer |
|
Definition
bone (osteoblastic) (lumbar spine)
indicated by increased serum alkaline phosphatase |
|
|
Term
| tumor marker for prostate cancer |
|
Definition
| PSA: Incrased total, decrease free |
|
|
Term
| Types of tumors at increase risk w/ cryptorchid testes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Seminoma
2. Oligodendroglioma |
|
|
Term
| Painless testicular enlargement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Precocious puberty in boys and girls |
|
Definition
1. Leydig Cell tumor in boys
2. granulosa cell tumor in girls |
|
|
Term
| MC testicular cancer in older men |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gray, solitary, crusty plaque on the shaft of the penis or scrotum
Peak incidence = 5th decade
may progress to SCC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
red velvety plaques, usually on the glans
peak incidence in 5th decade
may progress to SCC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bowenoid papulosis
affects younger age group than Bowen's or Queyart
usually does not bcome invasive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Peyronie's Dz
from acquared fibrous tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
varicosele
dilated vein in pampiniform plexus |
|
|
Term
| incomplete fusion of the processus vaginalis |
|
Definition
hydrocele
allows peritoneal fluid to leak into scrotum |
|
|
Term
| Hematologic changes in pregnancy |
|
Definition
Increase blood volume (mostly in 2nd tri) and fibrinogen (hypercoagulable)
decrease Hb, hct, and RBC |
|
|
Term
| Renal changes in pregnancy |
|
Definition
Increase RPF, GFR and urinary output
Decrease BUN and Creatinine clearance |
|
|
Term
| Red, crusty vulvar lesion |
|
Definition
| Paget's dz of the vulva (extramammary) |
|
|
Term
| intraepithelial adenocarcinoma |
|
Definition
| Paget's dz of the vulva (extramammary) |
|
|
Term
| Pathogenesis Kallmann's Syndrome |
|
Definition
| Failure of migration of GnRH secreting neurons from olfactory bulb to hypthalamus |
|
|
Term
| Sx of Kallmann's Syndrome |
|
Definition
| Delayed puberty, anosmia and maybe midline defects. |
|
|
Term
| FIrst signs of puberty in dudes and chicks |
|
Definition
dudes: balls growth (by age 14)
Chicks: boob growth (by age 12) |
|
|
Term
| difference b/w flutamide and finasteride |
|
Definition
Flutamide prevents binding of testo/DHT w/ their receptors
Finasteride inhibits 5 alpha-reductase which converts testo -> DHT |
|
|
Term
| effects of anorexia on gonadotropins and sex hormones |
|
Definition
| ↓ FSH, LH and estradiol and estrone |
|
|
Term
| Hypogonadism + small firm testes + elongated limbs + gynecomastia |
|
Definition
| Kleinfelter's Syndrome 47 XXY |
|
|
Term
| infertility w/ normal hormon profile and low sperm count |
|
Definition
| Outflow obstruction in sperm tract |
|
|
Term
| Normal LH and Test, but increased FSH and low sperm count |
|
Definition
Cryptorchidism, or damage to seminiferous tubules like orchitis
B/c interstintial (Leydig cells) are ok, but the sertoli cells in the tubules are selective or disproportionately damaged. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. endodermal sinus/yolk sac turmor (ovary or testes)
2. HCC |
|
|
