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reproduction and sexuality part 2
reproduction and sexuality part two
39
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
03/16/2013

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Term
teratoms or dermoid cysts
Definition
cysts originate from germ cells and can contain body tissue such as fat, hair, and teeth.
Term
follicular cysts
Definition
Develop in young women
Mature grafian follicle failing to rupture or
Immature grafian follicle does not absorb fluid after ovulation
Usually asymptomatic - unless ruptured
Cyst usually shrinks p 2-3 menstrual cycles
Term
corpus luteum cysts
Definition
Occur after ovulation
Possibly caused by increased progesterone secretion
Most common
Secretes progestrone
Can occur with or without pregnancy
Term
corpus luteum cysts
cm
Definition
pain/tenderness over ovary
delayed menses/irregular/prolonged
rupture can cause intraperitoneal hemorrhage
Usually disappears without treatment within 1-2 menstrual cycles
Term
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
(Stein-Leventhal Syndrome)
Definition
Occurs most often in women under the age of 30.
Cause of infertility.
Affects 5-10% of women of reproductive age.
Many women start with a normal period and then after 1-2 years periods become irregular and then infrequent.
Obesity and hirsutism are common
If left untreated cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes may develop.
Insulin resistance (screen client for diabetes)
50% of women stabilize on oral contraceptive pills
Discuss weight loss ,monitor lipid profile, and regular follow-up care important
Term
Clinical Manifestations of Ovarian Cysts
Definition
Are often asymptomatic until they are large enough to cause pressure in the pelvis.
Constipation
Menstrual irregularities
Urinary frequency
A full feeling in the abdomen/pelvis
Increased abdominal girth
Term
managment of ovarian cysts
Definition
Pharmacological -Analgesics / Oral contraceptives
Surgical
Term
Leiomyomas (Uterine Fibroids)
Definition
Benign tumors , increase during pregnancy – stimulated by estrogen/ progestrone
Feeling for smooth uterus not lumpy bumpy

Smooth muscle tumors occurring within the uterus.
They grow slowly during the reproductive years and then atrophy with menopause.
Most Common in women of African heritage
Term
Leiomyomas (Uterine Fibroids) symptoms and tx
Definition
Symptoms: nodular enlarged uterus palpated on pelvic exam. Other symptoms include abdominal pain, abnormal uterine bleeding, and increased pelvic pressure.
May be a cause of infertility and spontaneous abortion (miscarriage).
Treatment depends of the age of the patient, her desire to have children, and the location and size of the tumors
Term
medical managment of Leiomyomas
Definition
(Lupron) may be used to shrink the size of the tumor. ** in non pregnant women

Increased risk of utrine rupture = will have c sections
Term
polyps in women come from and are caused by and are most common in
Definition
Endometrial or cervical in origin
Cause unknown, women over age 40
Term
polyps symptoms
Definition
asymptomatic or may have bleeding
Bleeding often associated with coitus
Term
polyps tx
Definition
surgical removal /endometrial polyps
cervical polyps removed in office
Term
nursing care for remoal of surgical polyps
Definition
Avoid intercourse/tampons/douching for 1week or until site healed
Teach s/s of infection- foul smelling , yellow
Notify HCP if heavy bleeding – 1 pad in one hr or less 100 ml
Term
vuvlar cancer symptoms
Definition
Usually asymptomatic until 1-2cm diameter
May complain of vulvar itching, burning, pain, bleeding or discharge.
Term
vaginal cancer tx
Definition
Treatment depends of the age of the patient, stage of the disease, size and location of the tumor. Vaginal cancer may also result from metastases of other reproductive cancers such as cervical or endometrial
Term
risk factors for endomitrial cancer
Definition
hormone imbalance most significant risk factor (Women with a uterus who takes unopposed estrogen).
Term
Salpingooophrectomy
Definition
both ovaries and both flopian tubes removed
Term
risk factors for ovarian cancer
Definition
Risk Factors
Infertility
Low parity
High fat diet
Previous breast or colon cancer
Family history of ovarian cancer
Use of oral contraceptives associated with lower risk.
Term
Pelvic Support Issues Uterine Prolapse
symptoms
Definition
heaviness or fullness in pelvis
the feeling that “something is falling out”
low backache
difficulty walking
Term
cycstocyle
Definition
Upper anterior vaginal wall herniation
Term
cysctocycle symptoms
Definition
urinary frequency and urgency
urinary incontinence
urinary retention
Term
rectocycle
Definition
Lower posterior vaginal wall herniation
Term
rectocycle symptoms
Definition
difficulty emptying rectum
digital splinting the posterior vaginal wall is necessary
The rectum is within the prolapse
constipation associated with it
Term
Pessaries
Definition
are objects inserted into the vagina that keep structures in more normal placement for patients who are
medically unfit for surgery-old people
pregnant or postpartum
Term
fistulas most common/signs
Definition
Abnormal connecetion between body parts
Most common – rectovagininal fistula
Signs- infection, stool coming from vagina
Term
fibrosystic breast disease and breast cancer
Definition
*** no increase risk of cancer
Term
Most common malignancy in women secondary to skin cancer
Definition
breast cancer
Term
ostopenia
Definition
(low bone mass), which occurs when osteoclastic activity is greater than osteoblastic activity
Term
calcium citrate
Definition
calcium citrate (better for pts who can’t tolerate carbonate due to upset stomach
Term
Chlamydia
Definition
Most common sexually transmitted infection in the U.S
maternal effects
70% of women are asymptomatic- because our reproductive organs are internal
Can --> ectopic pregnancy, infertility, sterility
Term
Chlamydia
Definition
mucopurulent cervical discharge, friable cervix- bleeds easily
dysuria, urethritis
dysparunia
acute salpingitis- inflamation of fallopian tubes
PID
Term
Gonhorrea symptoms
Definition
Mucopurulent cervical discharge, friable cervix + motion tenderness
Dysuria, Urethritis, lower abdominal pain
Skenitis/Bartholinitis- glands for lubrication- get cysts
PID
Term
Syphilis
Definition
Incubation period 10 to 90 days
Crosses placental barrier after 23 weeks gestation
Treatment is PCN (Penicillin G) or Bicillin only.
Term
primary secondary and tertiary syphillis
Definition
Primary – “Chancre”
Secondary – Rash on palms of hands and soles of feet.
Tertiary – multiple organ involvement
Term
yeast infection
Definition
thick white vaginal discharge with itching, dysuria, and dyspareunia
Term
tricomonos
Definition
Caused by a flagellate
Symptoms include frothy green/yellow vaginal discharge with an odor and a friable cervix.
Term
bacterial vaginosis
Definition
Alteration in normal vaginal flora. May be increased in women who douche. Common in pregnancy.
Diagnosed on wet prep-presence of clue cells.
Symptoms: thin grey vaginal discharge with fishy odor, itching and burning around vaginal introitus.
Term
type one and type 2 herpes
Definition
Type I - above waist
Type II - below waist
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