Term
| Reproduction occurs only when... |
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Definition
| you have excess energy available |
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Term
| example of how the science of reproduction is advancing |
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Definition
| Something that may have been thought as correct 5 yrs ago might not be correct today |
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Term
| the reproductive hormones in vertebrate species |
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Definition
| The hormones that regulate reproduction are much the same across vertebrate species |
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Term
| why it's hard to observe follicular development in mammalian ovaries |
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Definition
| because of closed environment |
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Term
| what the corpus luteum does |
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Definition
| facilitates pregnancy and affects total hormonal output |
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Term
| relationship between estrous and ovulation in mammals |
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Definition
| Time of ovulation relative to the onset of estrus |
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Term
| how the follicle gets nutrients |
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Definition
| Blood supply goes directly to organ, organ in turn supplies nutrients for the development of the follicle |
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Term
| where the eggs are in mammals |
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Definition
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Term
| in mammals, the ovary plays a huge role in preparing... |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 processes that rely on the ovary |
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Definition
-follicular development
-ovulation |
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Term
| do birds form a corpus luteum? |
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Definition
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Term
| where individual follicles are in mammalian ovaries |
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Definition
| Individual follicles are buried inside each ovary |
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Term
| anatomy of a mammalian ovary |
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Definition
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Term
| advantage of studying avian folicles |
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Definition
| Large follicles make their development easy to study |
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Term
| why the avian ovary is easy to work with |
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Definition
| because it's very distinct |
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Term
| does the avian ovary contain a corpus luteum? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| how often does a bird ovulate? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| do birds have estrous cycles? |
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Definition
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Term
| how the follicles are in avian ovaries |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| the female gamete with the plasma membrane |
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Term
| the largest follicle in the avian ovary |
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Definition
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Term
| when the F1 follicle will ovulate |
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Definition
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Term
| frequency with which ovulation in birds can be studied |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| does a male have to be around for a bird to ovulate? |
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Definition
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Term
| depiction of the avian ovary |
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Definition
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Term
| the first follicle to ovulate |
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Definition
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Term
| when the F1 follicle ovulates |
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Definition
| usually 24 hours after LH surge |
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Term
| sequence of ovulation of folicles in the avian ovary |
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Definition
| Largest follicle named F1, first to ovulate, usually 24 hours after LH surge. Next largest named F2, ovulates in 48 hours, next F3…etc. |
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Term
| Large yellow follicles termed... |
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Definition
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Term
| the types of follicles that occur in the avian ovary |
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Definition
-large yellow ("hieracrhy follicles")
-small yellow
-large white
-small white |
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Term
| how many small yellow follicles are there in the avian ovary? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| how many large white follicles are there in the avian ovary? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| how many small white follicles are there in the avian ovary? |
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Definition
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Term
| With a bird, where does everything to make a new individual have to be? |
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Definition
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Term
| how many eggs are on each ovary in a bird? |
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Definition
| Most species have 500,000 to 1 million eggs on each ovary |
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Term
| Some small white follicles turn into... |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what happens when a follicle gets promoted? |
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Definition
| One follicle gets promoted into the large follicle hierarchy, and the rest die |
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Term
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Definition
-Follicular death
-Regression and reabsorption of follicle |
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Term
what the thing that looks like it’s surrounded by yellow fat might be
[image] |
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Definition
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Term
| Leading cause of infertility in women |
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Definition
| Polycystic ovary syndrome |
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Term
| what happens in polycystic ovary syndrome |
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Definition
-follicles never develop from the early stage
-follicles become cystic
same thing happens in birds |
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Term
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Definition
| the cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition |
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Term
| benefits of similar etiology between birds and humans |
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Definition
-Facilitates the study and therefore possible prevention of ovarian cancer
-Allows research on how the onset of menopause can be delayed in women |
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Term
| what earlier puberty leads to |
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Definition
| earlier onset of menopause |
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Term
| why earlier puberty leads to earlier onset of menopause |
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Definition
| because of running out of eggs |
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Term
| what synthetic estrogens were used for |
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Definition
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Term
| why the use of synthetic estrogens was discontinued |
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Definition
| because of negative side effects |
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Term
| the best way to study ovarian cancer in humans |
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Definition
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Term
| importance of nutrition in reproduction |
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Definition
| Nutrition plays a huge role in reproduction |
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Term
| what seems to be causing earlier puberty in America? |
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Definition
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Term
| something menopause seems to be responsible for later in life |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens to sperm production as men get older? |
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Definition
| sperm production goes down |
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Term
| what seems to be happening to ospeoporosis in men? |
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Definition
| sems to be becoming more common in men |
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Term
| what seems to cause weaker bones later in life? |
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Definition
| reduced testosterone and estrogen later in life |
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Term
| amount of energy to make an egg |
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Definition
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Term
| amount of energy to make a sperm |
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Definition
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Term
| the only ovary that's functional in a bird |
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Definition
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Term
| why only the left ovary develops in the bird |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens to testis and ovary in off (non-breeding) season |
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Definition
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Term
| when regression of both testis and ovary occurs |
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Definition
| off (non-breeding) season |
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Term
| whe most of the egg laying is done |
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Definition
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Term
| why most of the egg laying is done in the morning |
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Definition
| so the bird can feed/escape predators without carrying the extra weight around during the day |
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Term
| flightless birds seem to have originated from... |
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Definition
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Term
| male sex hormones vs. survivability |
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Definition
| Male sex hormones are negative to survivability; part of the reason for shorter life |
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