Term
|
Definition
| About 20% of blood gets filtered here |
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Term
|
Definition
About 80% of blood gets filtered here
Where all the action takes place |
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|
Term
| Na+ reabsorption: proximal tubule |
|
Definition
60-70%
This is where the more potent diuretics work |
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Term
| Na+ reabsorption: ascending Loop of Henle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Na+ reabsorption: distal tubule |
|
Definition
5-10%
Dependent on aldosterone |
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|
Term
Thiazides MOA:
Chlorothiazide (Diuril)
Hydrocholorthiazide (HydroDIURIL)
Chlorothalidone (Thalitone) |
|
Definition
Decreases Na+, Cl-, & K+ reabsorption
May need to take K+ supplements while on these meds |
|
|
Term
Loop MOA:
Furosemide (Lasix) |
|
Definition
Decreases Na+ & Cl- reabsorption. High K+ loss as well
Must take K+ supplements while on these meds |
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|
Term
K+ sparing MOA:
Amiloride (Midamor) |
|
Definition
Increases Na+ excretion; Increases K+ secretion
Hyperkalemia is worse than spironolactone |
|
|
Term
K+ sparing MOA:
Spironolactone (Aldoctone) |
|
Definition
Antagonist of aldosterone - must be metabolized
Used for hyperaldosteronism; may cause endocrine imbalances hirsutism, gynecomastia |
|
|
Term
Osmotic MOA:
Mannitol (Resectisol) |
|
Definition
Decreases Na+ & water reabsorption osmotically
Reserved for emergency - pt. never goes home with!! |
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Term
|
Definition
*HTN, mild CHF, edema
Good PO everyday w/ am meals
Causes hypokalemia (K+ rich foods!), hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, hypercalcemia, hypomagnesemia; fluid loss may cause hypotension
*Increases toxic reactions to digoxin & lithium |
|
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Term
|
Definition
CHF, renal disease, HTN crisis
PO/IV use. If PO given everyday w/ am meals
Causes marked hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypomanesemia
*Ototoxicity occur in furosemide (damages hair cells) - occurs esp. w/ IV use & rapid infusion |
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Term
|
Definition
In combo w/ other diuretics (esp. thiazides)to treat HTN; added to contraceptives
Hyperkalemia! esp. if used alone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Renal failure, increase drug excretion, decrease ICP or IOP, decrease nephrotox of cisplatin
Causes HA, NVD
Give only IV
May increase venous BP initially & could induce HF |
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Term
|
Definition
K+ rich foods: citrus fruits, nuts, spinach, bananas, salt substitutes
K+ supplements may be given PO in sustained release form: K-Dur, Micro-K, Kaon, etc.
IV K+ may be used in emergency situations |
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