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Renal-Pharm
Diuretics
12
Pharmacology
Graduate
10/26/2010

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What Diuretics contain Sulfur
Definition
Thiazides and Furosemide
Term

What are the common Thiazides?

Their route of administration?

Half-life?

What is the mechanism of the thiazides?

What are the adverse effects?

Definition

Hydrochlorothiazide: PO, IM, IV; 6hrs

Chlorothiazide: PO, 12hrs

Chlorthalidone: PO, 24hrs

Mechanism

Block Na/Cl

Ca absorption

Block Mg absorption

Block Uric acid secretion

Long term vasodiatator

Adverse

Fatigue

Hypokalemia

Gout

Hyperglycemia

Hypercalcemia-> Stones, Pancreatitis

Term

What are the common Loop Diuretics, their route of administration and their half lives?

What is their mechanism?

What are the adverse effects?

Which has the least ammount of sulfur?

Definition

Furosemide, Bumetanide, Ethacrynic Acid: PO-15 minutes onset with 1 or 2 hr duration, IV-1or 2 minutes

Mech: Block Na/K/Cl triport

Adverse

Hypokalemia

Fatigue

Pancreatitis

Hyperglycemia

Gout: milder than Thiazides

Loss of HEARING esp with Ethacrynic Acid

Least Sulfur: Ethacrynic acid

Term
What is the site and mechanism of action of the Potassium Sparing Diuretics
Definition

Spironolactone: Aldosterone Antagonist

Triamterene, Amiloride: Unknown

Term
What are the kinetics of spironolactone
Definition
P450 to Canrenone (may be the Active form)
Term
What are the uses of K-sparing Diuretics
Definition

Spironolactone: CHF

Triamterene, Amiloride: with a non-K-Sparing diuretic

Term
What are the adverse effects of K-Sparing Diuretics
Definition

Spironolactone:

Alopecia

Gynecomastia

Hyperkalemia

Triamterene, Amiloride: Serious Hyperkalemia

Term
How would you discern what diuretic a person was on from Blood electrolytes
Definition

Thiazide: Increased Calcium

Loop Diuretics: Decreased Calcium

K-Sparing: Increased Potassium

Term
When is mannitol used and how is it administered
Definition
IV to decrease ICP
Term
What blood marker can be a good indicator of Dehydration
Definition
High BUN
Term
How is Acetazolamide Administered and what is its mechanism of action?
Definition

PO, IV

Blocks Carbonic Anhydrase in PCT

Term
What is Acetazolamide used for and what are the adverse effects?
Definition

Glaucoma

Adverse: Metabolic Acidosis, Stones, Hypokalemia

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