Term
| What ammount of reduction in hypertension shows CVD risk reduction? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do you properly measure blood pressure? |
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Definition
Seated resting for 5 minutes
No Caffeine or tabacco 30 minutes prior
Bare arm supported at Height of the Heart
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Term
| What is the definition of orthostasis? |
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Definition
| Systolic decrease of 20mmHG or Diastolic decrease of 10mmHG within 3 minutes of standing |
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Term
| What is Pulse wave velocity and when does it carry a risk of CVD? |
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Definition
Speed at which the systolic pulse wave is transmitted back to the vessel that initiated the wave
High velocities are a sign of Arterial stiffening which can increase systolic pressure and decrease diastolic pressure(coronary filling) |
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Term
| What type of blood pressure abnormality during sleep is an indicator for increased CVD risk? |
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Definition
| Patients who do not exhibit a drop in blood when they sleeep |
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Term
| Diagnosis of Hypertension in Adults and Children |
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Definition
Adults: Pre 120-139/80-90, Stage 1 140-159/90-99, Stage 2 >160/>100
Children: >95%tile for age, height and gender |
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Term
| What aspect of the hypertension measurement is of particular concern in assessing the CVD Risk |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the organs that are frequently damaged by HPTN |
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Definition
Heart: LVH, MI, CHF
Brain: Stroke, Hemorrhage, Aneurysm
Kidney: CKD, failure
Aorta: Aneurysm, Dissection
Eyes: Retinal Changes |
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Term
| When is more extensive testing for secondary HPTN required |
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Definition
Extremely High
Abnormal labs
Suspicious History or Physical
Fails to respond to treatment
Untoward drug effect
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Term
| What is the treatment for stage 1 and 2 HPTN |
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Definition
| Lifestyle Change and Thiazide |
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Term
| What are typical indications for pharmaco therapy of HPTN |
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Definition
DM
CHF
CAD
CKD
Post MI
Stroke |
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Term
What is malignant Hypertension
Hypertensive Emergency
Hypertensive Urgency |
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Definition
Malignant: Accelerated Hypertension
Emergency: Severe 180/120 with damage to organs
Urgency: Severe w/o organ damage |
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Term
| When should you essentially always use ace/arbs in the treatment of HPTN |
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Definition
| HPTN with diabetic nephropathy |
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Term
| What antihypertensives are safe in pregnancy |
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Definition
Hydralazine
Methyl Dopa
Labetolol |
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