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Renal 6
Biochem
15
Physiology
Undergraduate 4
11/21/2016

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Cards

Term
Why should analysis of creatine kinase happen immediately after samples have been collected?
Definition
CK has a short half life, isn't very stable
Term
True or False

Smooth muscle contains high levels of CK
Definition
false

creatine kinase is primarily found in skeletal & cardiac muscle
Term
How is creatinine produced?
Definition
dehydration of creatine in the muscle
Term
Why is creatinine an ideal monitor of kidney function
Definition
Its rate of secretion is relatively constant, and it is not reabsorbed in the kidney
Term
True or False

Reabsorption rate of creatinine is close to 90%
Definition
false

it is not reabsorbed
Term
Why does the body synthesize urea?
Definition
metabolism of glutamate or glutamine by glutamate dehydrogenase leads to production of ammonia/ammonium, which is toxic. Ammonia is used to synthesize urea (or uric acid in birds) which is significantly less toxic and can be excreted
Term
What is the role of the urea cycle?
Definition
get rid of NH4+, so that the body can use AAs as a source of energy without detrimental effects
Term
True or False

The liver is the only organ with the complete set of all 5 enzymes to produce urea
Definition
true
Term
What are the 3 main amino acids that feed in to the urea cycle?
Definition
glutamine
aspartate
arginine
Term
Where in the cell would you find the enzymes involved with the urea cycle
Definition
2 in the mitochondria

3 in the cytosol
Term
True or False

Urea diffuses easily back and forth between the tubular fluid & the ECF/blood
Definition
true
Term
How does diet regulate urea levels in the blood?
Definition
-low P diet = low urea cycle enyzmes, high P diet = high urea cycle enzymes

starvation = high AA catabolism = increased urea synthesis
Term
Why is collecting urine midstream not always ideal?
Definition
risk of contamination of the sample from the lower urinary tract (ureter/urethra)
Term
A hyaline cast is associated with...
Definition
proteinuria
Term
Erythrocytes in the blood indicate...
Definition
hemorrhage (trauma/infection of the urinary system)
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