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Artist- Polykletos
ID- Doryphoros (Spear Bearer)
Date- 440 BC
Content- Contra postal “set against”, the figure stands with it’s weight on one leg and the other relaxed. The arms show the opposite, causing the figure to make an X. Polykletos created a formula to build the anatomy of the figure. Idealized body.
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Artist- Cimabue
ID- Crucifix 1270
Location- Church of San Domenico, Arezzo
Date- 1270
Content- some transition from linearism to chiaroscuro. Figure presses space into Mary and John. Feet are separated (byzantine). Transparency of cloth, flat hand nailed down. Not naturalistic. “Christus patiens” (suffering Christ) Christ is in an S shape. The aprons are rich abstract patterns.
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Artist- School of Pisa
ID- Cross 15
Location- Museo di San Matteo, Pisa
Date- late 12th C
Content- Jesus is staring at the viewer. Aprons on the side serve as Biblia pauperum. Shows “Christus trumphans” (Christ’s triumph over death). The aprons are narrative scenes.
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Artist- Cimabue
ID- Enthroned Madonna and Child
Location- Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence
Date- 1285
Content- Mary, jeweled throne that denotes her role. Kind of like stair way to heaven. Drapery rhythmic folds. Christ holds a scroll. He is the size of a baby but with older man proportions. Angles colors eco the color of Mary’s blue robe. Angles hold the throne which that and the golden background give a heavenly setting. Four old Testament figures are in the bottom of the throne. Abraham, David, Jeremiah and Isaiah.
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Artist-Nicola Pisano
ID-pulpit
Location- Baptistry, Pisa
Date- 1260
Content-six sides, five panels. Depict the scene of Christ. Biblia Pauperum. Lions are base of the supporting Columns.
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Artist-Nicola Pisano
ID- Adoration of the Magi
Location- Baptistery, Pisa
Date- 1260
Content- wise men offering gifts to Christ. Heavy Roman drapery folds Wise men, have forward movement, angular drapery, both characteristics of Byzantine and Romanesque style. Mary, similar to Phaedra (Greek heroine) from earlier Roman sarcophagus. Pagan images were inspiration for the work.
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Artist- Nicola Pisano
ID-Fortitude
Location- Baptistery, Pisa
Date- 1260
Content- Classical influence apparent in derivation from a figure of Hercules on a Roman sarcophagus. Still has disproportioned feet and head
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Artist- Giotto
ID- Crucifix
Location- Santa Mariea Novella, Florence
Date- 1300
Content- base is trapezoid shape of a rock, gives idea of actual base. Shows gravitational pull, leading to Renaissance style.
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Artist- L. Ghilberti
ID- Sacrifice of Isaac
Location- Museo Nazionale del Bargello, Florence
Date- 1401-1402
Content- Winner! Mor fontal, very classical, Isaac in contra postal following cannons. Politically correct. No one is touching. More decorative. Cast in a singe piece of bronze
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Artist- F. Brunelleschi
ID- Sacrifice of Isaac
Location- Museo Mazionale del Bargello, Florence
Date- 1401-1402
Content- looser. Attached figures by welding on. Figure came out of the frame. Isolated figures, backs are more shown. All drama with gestures. Much more violent. Angle forcefully stopping Abraham. The ram (all heads) are turned from the scene. One servant removing thorn from his foot (idea of the thorn puller 1st C. BC). Much more modern. Too daring for the doors.
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Artist- Donatello
ID- David
Location- Museo dell’Opera del Duomo, Florence
Date- 1408-1408
Content- contra postal stand overhead of Goliath. Wearing wreath of forever fame. Never left Donatello’s workshop.
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Artist- Donatello
ID- St. George
Location- Or San Michele, Florence
Date- 1410-1415
Content- energy of Florentine people at the time. Model virtues. Prideful. Composition, based on the dominating shield. Carved for the armors guild. Very full of life. Beauty of youth and the courage of a soldier. A portrait of a Florentine man. Under the statue, sketch of St. George fighting the dragon.
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Artist- Donatello
ID- St. George slaying the Dragon
Location- Or San Michele, Florence
Date- 1410-1415
Content- relief on base of statue. Important innovation in Italian sculpture. Shows architecture and background. Very pictorial and shallow. In past had been high relief. Flat chisel used as brush.
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Artist- Donatello
ID- St. Mark
Location- Or San Michele, Florence
Date- 1411-1413
Content- holding book. Drapery falls “a plumb” straight. Much more naturalistic than the swooping. Clear contra postal. On pillow (linen weavers) modern
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Artist- L. Ghiberti
ID- John the Baptist
Location- Or San Michele, Florence
Date- 1412/13-1417
Content- holding a cross and a scroll. Drapery circular movement. Idealistic. Rotational movement around the cross, energy is dispersed in the air and cloth. Late gothic/international gothic
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Artist- Nanni di Banco
ID- Four Crowned Saints
Location- Or San Michele, Florence
Date- 1414-1416
Content- commissioned by the masters of the stone and wood carving. 4 Christian sculptors who denied the order of the roman emperor to carve a pagan image. They were beheaded. Shown as distinct individuals. Can see them all contemplating and reasoning together.
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Artist- Gentile da Fabriano
ID- Adoration of the Magi
Location- Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence
Date- 1423
Content- stayed true to gothic style. Placed in the sacristy. Careful attention to garments of the figures. Predella divided into 3 panels. Images nativity, flight, presentation of Jesus to the temple. Elements of late gothic: decorative coloring, richly decorated. Flowing lines in back ground but figures flat in foreground. Chiaroscuro. All space filled. Entertain the viewer. Exotic animals.
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Artist- Masolino
ID- Crucifixion
Location- Branda di Castiglione Chapel
Date- 1428-1431
Content- Sky is blue, now green, azurite flaked off. Mary Magdalene shows emotions, loose hair, red dress. John the Evangelist, feminine, morning, red. Can see light source forming from Right (there is a window with natural light on the right)
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Artist- Masolino
ID-Martydrom of St. Catherine
Location- Branda di Castiglione Chapel
Date- 1428-1431
Content- St. Catherine is placed between two spiked wheels but is saved by an angel.
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Artist- Masolino
ID- Disputation of St. Catherine
Location- Branda di Castiglione Chapel
Date- 1428-1431
Content- St. Catherine disputing with the learning men and te Converted learned men are burnt at the stake. Black Dress, didn't used to be back. Hand gesture she is making.
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Artist- Masaccio
ID- Virgin and Child
Location- Center panel of the Pisa Altarpiece , now in London National Gallery
Date- 1426
Content- Mary sitting on odd throne. Architectural qualities. Throne stands for the church. No chiaroscuro in face. Cleaned in 19th C in London and removed some layers that also removed layers of paint. Still can see light is coming from left side. baby is eating grapes. (wine, blood, sacrifice) sadness of all characters know death to come. Throne on sarcophagus. Symbol of death.
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Artist- Masaccio
ID- Trinity
Location- Santa Maria Novella, Florence
Date- 1425-1428
Content- pint of view, vanishing point same level as the viewer’s eye. Blue, red and white. Three main colors. Perfectly balanced. Chiastic composition. Sarcophagus at bottom, “I was once what you are and what I am you will also be”
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Artist- Masaccio
ID- Expulstion of Adam and Eve
Location- Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence
Date- 1420s
Content- light coming from the right. Shadow. First shadow cast in western visual culture. People are like substance on the ground. More rounded figures. Closer to Giotto. Desperation on faces. Architectural of gate. Black rays. Voice of god. Angle in red and blue.
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Artist- Filippino Lippi
ID- St. Paul Visiting St. Peter in Prison
Location- Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence
Date- 1420’s |
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Artist- Masaccio
ID- Tribute Money
Location- Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence
Date- 1420’s
Content- used gospel of St. Matthew. Middle is fist act. Jesus’ will, the acceptance of Jesus to pay. Peter and Jesus same stretched hand. Peter is the vicar of Christ. The light, high lights and turns white. Foreshortening halo. Back ground realistic. Dressed in ancient roman fashion.
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Artist- Masaccio and Filippino Lippi
ID- The Raising of the Son of Theophilus and Saint Peter Enthroned as First Bishop of Antioch
Location- Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence
Date- 1420’s
Brancacci Chapel |
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Artist- Masolino
ID-St. Peter Preaching
Location- Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence
Date- 1420’s
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Artist- Macaccio
ID- St. Peter Healing by the Fall of His Shadow
Location- Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence
Date- 1420’s
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Artist- Masolino
ID-St. Peter Baptizing
Location- Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence
Date- 1420’s
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Artist- Masaccio
ID- St. Peter Distributing Alms and the Death of Ananias
Location- Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence
Date- 1420’s
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Artist- Masolino
ID- St. Peter Healing a Cripple and the Raising of Tabitha
Location- Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence
Date- 1420’s
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Artist- Filippino Lippi
ID- The Cricifixion of St. Peter and St. Peter Sisputng with Simon Magnus
Location- Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence
Date- 1420’s
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Artist- Masolino
ID- The Temptation of Adam and Eve
Location- Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence
Date- 1420’s
Content- snake with female head. Tempting Adam and Eve. No mention of female snake in Bible. Medieval back ground. Temptation, eve, woman, back ground affected by color chemical alteration. Light coming from the left. Figures are floating in space. Figures are much more silhouetted. Lack of expression.
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Artist- Filippino Lippi
ID- The Liberation of St. Peter from Prison
Location- Brancacci Chapel, Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence
Date- 1420’s
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Artist- Benozzo Gozzoli
ID- Procession of the Magi
Location- Medici Chapel, Florence
Date- 1459
Content- brother hood. Had parade in Florence to celebrate the epiphany. Celebrates presetation of Jesus to the Kings, Magi. Cosimo is riding donkey (Medici founder) to show humbleness. Son beside (Piero) riding white horse. Grandson (Lorenzo). All dynasty depicted. Artist adopted and used old style because worked best for the work and commotion. International gothic- extravagant colors, elaborate, flowing lines, narrative details. Stylized rocks.
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Artist- Giotto
ID- Expulsion of Joachim from the Temple
Location- Arena Chapel, Padua
Date-1305-1310
Content- dad went to the temple with a lamb but was rejected by the high priest because of childlessness. There is no temple, architectural devise. Enclosed to indicate holy space. Foreshortening. Chiaroscuro. Light. Scene of physical presence and the showing of characters psychology, frustration and desperation.
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Artist- Giotto
ID- Presentation in the Temple
Location- Arena Chapel, Padua
Date-1305-1310
Content- accentuates three main figures, Mary, Jesus, and old priest Simeon. Instead of being rejected as in the Explosion, Christ (the lamb) is being accepted. Christ rejects the priest. Foreshortening in the foot and twist in the torso.
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Artist- Giotto
ID- Kiss of Judas
Location- Arena Chapel, Padua
Date-1305-1310
Content- azurite flaked off the wall. Can see St. Peter cutting the ear of the soldier. Hooded figure showing back. Dramatics. Black helmets of soldiers create larger black halo around Jesus. Foreshortening found in feet.
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Artist- Giotto
ID- The Last Judgment
Location- Arena Chapel, Padua
Date-1305-1310
Content- on counter façade, last thing scene when leaving. Central cross reminding of Jesus’ crucifixion. Jesus in a Mandela. Revolution in space, curves around filled with disciples. Angles coming from behind the Mandela. Symbols of the 4 Evangelists. 4 rivers of fire into hell. Satan swallowing soul and expelling another from his body. Can see different types of punishment from different sins. In heaven, two angles rolling up the sky. Giotto suggest the here after behind the sky being rolled up.
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Artist- Giotto
ID- Enthroned Madonna
Location- Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence
Date- 1305-1310
Content- Throne does not rise, angles occupy natural space. Byzantine gold background and flat halos but Gothic throne with pointed arches. Both the throne and figures are weighted and show gravity. Foreshortening in the arms of the throne. Mary’s drapery falls horizontal, showing space between her knees-chiaroscuro
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