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| A painted or sculpted panel or shrine placed behind and above an altar. |
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| also known as aerial perspective: The representation of spatial distance caused by blurring outlines, loss of detail, change of color to more blue and lower saturation and lower value contrast. |
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| A chamber or freestanding structure, normally independent of the main church structure in Italy, containing a baptismal font for performing Baptism. |
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| An Italian, normally free standing, bell tower. |
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| 1.Full size drawing for a painting made to be trasfered to a wall, canvas or panel as a guide in painting the finished work. 2. A humorous drawing. |
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| In painting, a method of modeling form with extreme lights and darks. The forms are largely determined, not by sharp outlines, but by the meeting of light and darker areas. |
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| comfortable pose (one leg relaxed (hip out), one engaged (weight bearing), shoulders off). dysplaced symetry . |
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| a small dome, especially as a drum on top of a larger dome, adorning a roof or ceiling. |
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| Scrutiny of form: Distinct from symbolisma dn them and subject matter. Elements: Composition, Palette, Light, Form, Medium, Technique, and Space. |
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| Italian word for "Fresh". Fresco is the technique of painting on plaster withpigments ground in water so that the paint is absorbed by the plaster. Becomes part of the wall itself. |
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| Only the section of a fresco that could be completed in one day of work (8 hours). |
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| Intellectual program: Philosophy emphasizing the worth of the individual, the rational abilites of human kind and the human potential for good. seeking out discovery, editing, correcting and revising past (mainly Roman and Greek antiquity) to improve. Renaissance: many classical works had been lost, revitalization of study. Painters had little to study from antiquity, but had sculptures and material evidence of classical past( lamps, coins, pots, etc.) |
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| The depicting of mages in art in order to convey certain meanings or themes. |
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| Nude youth. (Michelangelo would always use men as his models) |
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| equestirian statue of Marcus Aurelius, 161-180 A.D. |
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| Roman sculpture of the Famous general and then Emperor. Design inspiration for Donatello's "Gattamelatta" in Pedua, as well as for Michelangelo. |
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| ambitious ancient 1st century B.c.statue. Scene of trojan priest killed w/ sons when serpents attacked. Renaissance scholars knew it existed and then unearthed. Michelangelo studied sense of urgency and anguish in the piece and used it in "Awakening Prisoner". |
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| 1503-1513. Previously, Pope would send to Florence for commissions. Shift from Florence to Rome as an art center. People still sent to Florence, but connected to Rome for study of antiquity.Pope Julius caused this shift, become place for artists to travel and work. Julius added decoration to Papal Palace. ST. Peter's Bascillica, based on church standing for over 1000 years,Julius commissioned to reconstruct on ren. scale. Also commissioned old buildings to have frescoes: Vatican Stanze by Raphael. Tomb by Michelangelo. |
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| One point perspective: Method for projecting illusion of space on medium. no single artist to credit, but perhaps Bruneleschi. All artists came upon together with scientific exploration of time. Orthoganals converge at a single vanishing point on horizon. |
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from italian for for "manner or style". built on achievements of raphael and michelangelo. 1520 artists explored technical skill, scholarly subject matter, beautiful figures and complex compositions. exploration of definition of beauty vs. clarity or unity from first part of ren. has mastered painting reality and were bored.
-exaggerated proportions - abandonment of perspective(more medieval) |
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| A hollow in a wall, often arched, intended to contain a statue, or bust , vase, etc. or added to add depth or shadow to a surface. |
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| imaginary diagonal lines that point and converge at the vanishing point and contribute to Linear Perspective. |
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| Lamentation by Mary of Jesus, normally in Church. Related to sacrament of euchrist. |
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| An ornamental figure composed of 4 lobes (foils). Common gothis decoration. Sometimes intended as symbolism (trefoils as repres. of trinity, quatrefoils as evangelists in christian works) |
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| Dining hall of a monastery. Sometimes decorated with scene of Last Supper. |
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| Sculpture that is not freestanding. Carve or cast so it projects from a surfeit of which it is part. can be high or low relief. |
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| means sacred conversation. it is applied to an altarpiece in which attendant saints are grouped in a unified space around the centralised Virgin and Child in a single panel. |
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| Smokiness (fine haze) and gradation of tones which obscures edges. often lends to a veil that causes warth or intamcy of space. Example: Madonna of the Rocks: Da Vinci |
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| Fired clay, which has been molded or modeled and baked until very hard. During Ren., was much cheaper way to make sculpture, but was heightened in prestigiousness when Luca Della Robia coated these in glaze of molten glass. |
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| Traditionally at eye level, the point at which all points recede and intersect, causing the illusion of 3 dimensional form. Part of Linear Perspective |
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| Roman architect from 1st century B.C. had notion that human body myay be used to derive the perfect geometrical forms of the circle and square. Many humanists found meaning in this. Treatise not only inspired Alberti in early 1400's but Leonardo Da Vinci in Late 1400's (excuted Vitruvian Man). |
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| Comparison (rivalry) between 2 different arts (primarily painting and sculpture in rennaissance). Artists tested what could be done or more fully achieved, challenged which art was better. |
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