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| epistemology is based on... |
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| Chinese and Confucian experience |
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| main problem in 8t- 3rd century BCE China |
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social anarchy
constant warfare
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| key question for early China |
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| how can we learn to live together without destroying each other? |
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| teaching of Confucius are held in... |
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| the Five Classics and Four Books |
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"Book of Changes"
most commonly known book of the Five Classics |
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"Lun yu"
major source for Confucius' teachings
most well-known of the Four Books |
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| behaviors that contributed to the well-being of tribes over thousands of years became traditional and natural |
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*what to rely on for epistemology
deliberate intention to practice spontaneous tradition
Confucius' solution |
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no developed metaphysics
accept most traditional Chinese beliefs |
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human is node in a web of relationships
identity and sense of self is constructed through totality of social roles |
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"heart-mind"
capable of being introspective and altruistic
(psychology) |
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selfishness
sympathy and empathy for others (illuminated) |
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to create social cohesion
to become a deserving partner of heaven
to become Chun Tzu |
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| five values needed to achieve deliberate tradition/social cohesion |
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"human-heartedness"
ideal relationship between people |
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humanity to others
respect for oneself |
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| courtesy, unselfishness, empathy |
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major aspect of Li
the way things should be done
blue-print for well-lived life |
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| five teachings of propriety |
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1. rectification of names
2. doctrine of the mean
3. five constant relationships
4. family
5. age |
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all human thought proceeds through words
if words are not properly used, thought can not correctly proceed |
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way in the middle between two unworkable extremes
balance and harmony |
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| five constant relationships |
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1. loving parents / reverential children
2. gentle elder siblings / repectful younger siblings
3. good husbands / listening wives
4. considerate elder friends / differential younger friends
5. benevolent rulers / obedient subjects |
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basic unit of society
children's respect for parents is key |
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respect for elders
age deserves veneration because of intrinsic worth
ripening of wisdom and mellowing of spirit |
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pattern for every act
all of one's actions are choreographed |
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power of moral example
real authority comes from setting a moral example |
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arts of peace
arts have power to transform human nature toward virtue |
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| political consequence of Wen |
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| victory will go to the state that develops the highest wen, the most exalted culture |
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expand awareness of heart-mind and expanding jen
shift attention from self to family to community to nation to all humanity |
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get in touch with inner slient illumination
produces right and principled actions, so humans can become deserving partners of heaven |
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