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a follower of Jesus
Christ Greek word; equivalent to Hebrew word Messiah; thus Christians are followers of the Messiah
First used in 50 CE in Antioch
Outsiders called them Christians |
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Knowledge derived from four gospels
Born in 4 BCE
Under rule of (Heitit) the great in Palestine
Grew up in Nazareth
Grew up as a Jew; first followers where Jews; spoke to Jews; quoted Old Testament in his sermons
Wanted to change the situation of the Jewish people
Preferred to stay within the society
Preferred a peaceful movement
Closest to Pharisees; but advocated God’s universal compassion; didn’t like Pharisees’ categorical approach to other peoples (clean/unclean)
Jesus thought Jewish God’s main attribute was compassion
Crucified on outskirts of Jerusalem
Jews lived under the Roman rule
Christianity became less and less Jewish.
He was oriented toward the Spirit world, spirit derived powers in the alleviation of human suffering, and a new social order he sought to effect. |
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| The Pharisees were, depending on the time, a political party, a social movement, and a school of thought among Jews that flourished during the Second Temple Era (536 BCE–70 CE). After the destruction of the Second Temple, the Pharisaic sect was re-established as Rabbinic Judaism |
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First group of Jews under Roman rule.
Richest among all Jews.
Accommodated to Hellenistic culture and roman rule.
they seem to have indeed been a priestly group, associated with the leadership of the Temple in Jerusalem.
ceased to exist sometime after the 1st century AD.
Their rivals, the Pharisees, are said to have originated in the same time period.
hat they denied the existence of spirits or angels (Acts 23:6-10).
They rejected the rabbis' interpretation of the Torah, and are presented as having denied that any of the Hebrew Bible, apart from the Torah, was authoritative. |
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another group of followers of a religious way of living in Judaism that flourished from the 2nd century BC to the 1st century AD.
Considered the world too corrupt to allow Judaism to renew itself.
Withdraw themselves from society.
Property sharing communities.
Devoted to lives of disciplined propriety. |
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Only way to change bad situation was through military action
66 CE revolt against Palestine
ended in the destruction of the temple in 70 CE caused by Zealot revolt under Roman rule |
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According to Christians Jesus has risen three days after his crucifixion
Attractive message that Jesus has risen and conquered death
Followers began to experience him in a new way- qualities of a god |
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Greek word for church
Word literally means ‘called out’ the ones who called out or called apart
Powered by Christ’s presence
Form mystical body of Christ as a community |
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Second founder of Christianity
Writings became scripture in Christianity
Shift of Christian message changed
Religion of Jesus vs. Religion about Jesus (after resurrection) (339) |
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Said that Jesus was equally God to the Father
Father and son same
First official creed of Christianity
All Christian communities accept this as their belief
325 CE officially recognized |
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Roman Empire to end Christian persecution
Adopted Christianity
Died 337 CE
380 CE Christianity to become the only religion of the Roman empire
Afterwards being a pagan was banned |
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| (Doctrine of) Incarnation |
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God assumed a human body in Jesus
Fully human and fully God |
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Doctrine that God assumed a human body in incarnation; humiliated himself to save humans
Taken this suffering and humiliation on half of humanity; vicarious suffering; clean sinfulness of humanity so they can reunite with God |
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Monotheistic religion- one God
At the same time say the one God has three separate beings
Father
Son
Holy Spirit |
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First separation 1054 CE of church
Rome (center)
Ultimate authority on the Bible
Biblical founding from Gospel of Mathew
Pope official leader of church as the hayed of Peter |
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Formed from first separation
Constantinople (center)
o 1054 CE major split
o 250 + million followers worldwide
no Pope or equal spiritual head
Patriarch as head of the church; first among the equals
Equal teacher as are the rest of the monks
Church as a society rather than individuals
One can be damned alone but can be saved only with others |
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Founder Martin Luther 16th C
Split from Roman Catholic Church
Occurred within the Roman Catholic Church
16th C
Luther Catholic monk and biblical scholar
One who testifies for the first commandment; you shall have no other Gods before me (unity of God)
To protest against associating God with anything or anybody; especially the Church
Protestors against all sorts of idolatry |
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| God keeps Pope from error when the Pope speaks on the doctrine of mortals |
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| The Church as a Sacramental Agent |
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| The sacrificial rituals can only be performed through the agency of the church |
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The bread and the wine actually turn into Jesus’ blood and body
Substances transformed during mass |
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Sacraments, as understood by the Roman Catholic Church, are outward signs, perceptible to the senses, instituted by Jesus and entrusted to the Church, as means by which the divine grace indicated by the sign is conferred, helping the individual to advance in holiness, and contributing to the Church' s growth in charity and in giving witness.
Baptism.
Confirmation.
Holly matrimony.
Holly orders.
Sacrament of the sick (Extreme Unction).
Reconciliation (Confession).
Central sacrament is the Mass or Holy Eucharist. |
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The aim of every man should be union with God
Deification by grace |
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| Christ is the only mediator between God and man. Catholic church thinks Pope can too, Prot's don't believe this. |
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| Protestants believe that the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church obscure the teachings of the Bible by convoluting it with church history and doctrine. |
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| Protestants believe that faith in Christ alone is enough for eternal salvation, unlike Roman Catholics who believe it requires "faith and good works." Instead, Protestants believe that practicing good works attests to one's faith in Christ and his teachings. |
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