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Unique religion in that it named itself
Word means ‘submission’ and ‘surrender’
SLM- peace soundness and safety
A person’s total submission to the will of God
Gives the believer inner peace and soundness of nature
As well as expectations of safety from divine punishment and reward in the life to come
Muslim is a person who accepts Islam; the word means someone who surrenders and submits themselves to the will of God
To become a Muslim one is born to a Muslim family and a member of the Muslim community |
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Meaning of word is Testimony
Can also become a Muslim by reciting the Shadah ‘profession of faith’; ‘I bear witness that there is no god except God. I bear witness that Muhammad is messenger of God.’ |
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| There is no god but Allah/God (first part of Shadah) |
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| Three Fundamental Components of Islam |
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Monotheism
Prophecy
Afterlife |
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Monotheism is the principle that all the prophets starting with Adam preached
All prophets preach the same religion
Allah; word to name God; no specific meaning; combination of ‘Al’ (God) and ‘ilah’ (the); The God; implies that it is the same one God who sent the prophets to warn humanity
All human kind are equally servants and subordinates of this one God; rejects human divinity |
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Commissioning the prophets and sending sacred texts and messages to the prophets to bring humanity to the way of Allah
Muhhammad: Seal of the prophets; his title; The Last Prophet (Why?)
Prophets have NO divinity and cannot claim superiority or divinity |
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Life of the Prophet Muhammad – Mecca and Madina period
Born 570 in Mecca
610 commissioned by God to preach Islam and received first revelations (40 yrs old)
immigrate to Yathrib (in Madina) 622
died 632
Every human being will be held accountable for their actions in life; judged on the day of judgment and be rewarded in heaven or punished in hell
Life on earth is not permanent but the after life is; immortality in the afterlife
Jabiliyya |
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Commissioned by God to preach Islam and received first revelations
He was 40 Years old |
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Immigrates to Yathrib
Hijra (Emigration) |
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| Islam history; Islamic calendar starts with Hijarai (lunar colander) |
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Shadah
Five Times Prayer
Fasting During the Month of Ramadan
Obligatory Charity
Hajj - Pilgrimage |
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I testify that there is none worthy of worship except God and I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of God."[40] As the most important pillar, this testament can be considered a foundation for all other beliefs and practices in Islam. Ideally, it is the first words a new-born will hear, and children are taught to recite and understand the shahadah as soon as they are able to. Muslims must repeat the shahadah in prayer, and non-Muslims must use the creed to formally convert to Islam
initiation or entrance; testimony with two componets |
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| Five Times Prayer (Salat) |
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| each Muslim must perform a special prayer before sunrise, when the sun reaches the top (noon), the sun’s mid decline, right after sunset, late in the night |
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| Fasting during the month of Ramadan (Sawm) |
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| Muslims must abstain from food, drink, and sexual intercourse from dawn to dusk during this month, and are to be especially mindful of other sins. The fast is meant to allow Muslims to seek nearness to God as well as remind them of the needy |
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| Obligatory Charity (Zakat) |
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Is giving charity to the poor and needy by able Muslims, based on the wealth that one has accumulated
It is a personal responsibility intended to ease economic hardship for others and eliminate inequality
Two Main Types: Zakat on Traffic and Zakat on Wealth |
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| is a per head payment equivalent to cost of around 2.25 kilograms of the main food of the region paid during the month of Ramadan by the head of a family for himself and his dependents |
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| covers money made in business, savings, income, crops, livestock, gold, minerals, hidden treasures unearthed, and so on. |
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| Obligatory on all Muslims.In current usage it is interpreted as a 2.5% levy on most valuables and savings held for a full lunar year, if the total value is more than a basic minimum known as nisab (3 ounces or 87.48g of gold). At present (as of 16 October 2006), nisab is approximately US $1,750 or an equivalent amount in any other currency. |
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| Every Muslim who are financially able, must make this journey to Mecca once in a life time |
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Foundation of Islam religion; highest authority
Word means ‘recitation’
Memorized and repeated by Muhammad
Went to the scribes to dictate the Koran
oFinal version of God’s prophecy; Islam accepts Gospels and Torah; Koran is the last and most perfect version of God’s words (114 chapters)
After Muhammad’s death some guy commissioned a council to make the Koran into a book
Second guy commissioned identical copies to be made of the Koran; originality and intactness of the Koran |
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| Angel who revealed the Koran to Muhammad over 23 years of Muhammad’s life |
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| the name of a ‘chapter’ in the Koran |
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| Islamic mysticism; mystic is a Sufi; emphasis the way of love of God as the principle of their lives; seek love of God with their actions |
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| Islamic concept of human nature in it’s original state; every person is born in a ‘good condition’; human nature is fundamentally good; no state of original sin (Christianity); original sin, Adam and Eve committed a sin which is inherited; in Islam we do NOT inherit original sin |
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