Shared Flashcard Set

Details

REL final review
REL 100
145
Religious Studies
Not Applicable
04/24/2014

Additional Religious Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Hebrew Narrative: an abbreviation of R. Alter's work

Definition

1. Who is named

            2. Who is named first

            3. What does their name mean (if you can find it)

            4. Who speaks

            5. Who speaks with God

            6. Who gets the action verbs

            7. What is the context

            8. Everything else: what is the text genre, the story line, what else is included (repetitions, riddles, puns, intentional humor, acronyms, other).

Term
AD
Definition
Anno Domini, after God
Term
BC
Definition
before Christ
Term
BCE
Definition
before the common era
Term
CE
Definition
common era
Term
The Apocrypha
Definition

the deutro-canonical (secondary canonical) books whose texts were found in Greek, though certainly first written in Hebrew. These are not found in the Protestant OT or Hebrew Bible but appear, in different numbers in Catholic and Orthodox Bibles.

Term
Dead Sea Scrolls
Definition

the most ancient witnesses, most ancient copies of the OT/ Hebrew Bible, found at Qumran by the Dead Sea.

Term
etiology
Definition

: an explanation for how things came to be or why things are as they are

Term
Pentateuch
Definition
the first 5 books of the Bible
Term
Septuagint (LXX): 
Definition
the Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible plus the Apocrypha
Term
an apocalypse: 
Definition

an end of time event, a story about the end of the world, a particular type of literature

Term
Canon: 
Definition
the authoritative books in Protestant, Catholic and Orthodox Bibles.
Term
Deutero-canonical: 
Definition

(see Apocrypha, they are the same entity)

 

Apocrypha: the deutro-canonical (secondary canonical) books whose texts were found in Greek, though certainly first written in Hebrew. These are not found in the Protestant OT or Hebrew Bible but appear, in different numbers in Catholic and Orthodox Bibles.

 

Term
Masoretic Text (MT): 
Definition
the Hebrew Bible or the Protestant OT
Term
redaction: 
Definition
the editing of biblical books and other documents
Term
Torah: 
Definition

the first 5 books of the Bible

Term

2 parts of the Bible: 

Definition

Old Testament and New Testament

Term

Old Testament (OT): 

Definition

written in Hebrew (with a bit of Aramaic)

Term

New Testament (NT): 

Definition

written in Greek

Term
The Tetragrammaton
Definition

the 4 letters that stand for God

 

YHWH = the LORD = the high holy name of Israel's God, God's personal revealed to Moses in Exodus 3:14 but also found in Gen 2:4-3:24

Term
The Documentary Hypothesis (J, E, D, P)
Definition

is the theory for how and when then different books of the Torah were written. It is not proven fact but hypothesis.

 

J = Yahwist, 9th century BCE

E =Elohist, 8th century BCE (E doesn't really exist separately from J)

D = Deuteronomist, 722 BCE

P = Priestly.....(586 or 9th-4th century BCE)

 

Do not learn the precise dates but that J is the earliest, D is around the time of the 1st exile and P is the latest.

 

Term
J
Definition

Yahwist, 9th century BCE

(the earliest)

Term
E
Definition
Elohist, 8th century BCE (E doesn't really exist separately from J)
Term
D
Definition

Deuteronomist, 722 BCE 

(around the time of the 1st exile)

Term
P
Definition

Priestly.....(586 or 9th-4th century BCE)

(the latest)

Term
Differentiate between: God, god, LORD, and Lord
Definition

LORD (the God)

 

Lord (could be anyone)

 

God-God of Israel

 

gods-many gods

Term
11th tablet of Gilgamesh
Definition
the tablet from the Epic of Gilgamesh that tells the story of a great flood and a mad and woman (who became immortal) who took two of every animal onto their raft, along with the craftsmen to save them from the flood. The man let go a dove, and a swallow then a raven who did not come back as it found land.
Term
Code of Hammurabi
Definition
the most famous of the old law codes, the Bible has some similar laws in it in Exod 21-22
Term
Akedah
Definition
the binding of Isaac in Gen 22 (Ishmael in the Qur'an)
Term
Deuteronomist
Definition
One of the J, E, D, P writer, redactors, about 722 BCE, write of the LORD saving the people from slavery in Egypt
Term
Merneptah stele
Definition
the celebratory stone carved by Pharaoh Merneptah's orders that describes how he wiped out all of Israel. He didn't but it contains the first occurrence of the word Israel outside of the Hebrew Bible (12th century BCE)
Term
Masoretic Text/ MT
Definition
the Hebrew Bible or the same OT books as in the Protestant Bible
Term
Passover
Definition
the commemoration of the time when the LORD passed over the houses of the Jewish people that had the blood on the lintels. The first born in those houses did not die. Described in Exodus 12
Term
Pharaoh Ramses II
Definition
likely the Pharaoh of the Exodus
Term
Sennacherib
Definition

easily the most hated of all the Assyrian Kings. He was the power behind the siege of Jerusalem.

 

(Assyrian leader in charge during the siege of Jerusalem, 701 BCE, the Bible's most detested foreign king, his prism echoes words in 2 Kgs 18)

Term

Sennacherib’s Prism

Definition

            “As to Hezekiah, the Jew, he did not submit to my yoke, I laid siege to 46 of his strong cities, walled forts and to the countless small villages in the vicinity and conquered (them) …Himself I made a prisoner in Jerusalem, his royal residence, like a bird in a cage. I surrounded him with earthwork in order to molest those who were leaving….” (288, ANET)

           

            “Fear of my greatness terrified Hezekiah. He sent to me tribute: 30 talents of gold, 800 talents of silver, precious stones, ivory, and all sorts of gifts, including women from his palace.” (288, ANET)

 

            These words are for you enjoyment and comparison to 2 Kings 18:14 which follows. Sennacherib’s Prism is another Assyrian Document.

 

“I shut up Hezekiah like a bird in a cage”

 

2 Kings 17-19

Isaiah 36-39

Term
Septuagint/ LXX
Definition
the famous translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek. In addition, it includes the Apocrypha.
Term
syncretism
Definition
the mixing of two religions
Term
TaNaKh
Definition
the acronym describing the organization of the Hebrew Bible: Torah, Prophets, Writings
Term
Tetragrammaton
Definition
the most holy name for God, the LORD, revealed to Moses at the burning bush, YHWH
Term
Theophany
Definition
a spectacular scene from nature that reveals God (the storm and fire at Mt. Sinai)
Term
Apocrypha
Definition
the 12-23 extra books (which must have been written in Hebrew but for which only Greek copies were found). They are included as part of the OT by Catholics and Orthodox, but are not in Protestant Old Testaments.
Term
the Patriarchs
Definition
Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob
Term
first Matriarchs
Definition
Sarah and Hagar with Abraham
Term
Cyrus the Great
Definition
released to the Babylonian captives in 538 BCE, allowing them to return to their own lands, pray to their own gods asking those gods for his long life. Jews were among the returnees
Term
Alexander the Great
Definition
conquered the known world for Greek culture and ways, died 323 BCE
Term
Messianic prophecies
Definition
prophecies begun by the 8th century prophets, telling of an anointed one of God who would come and set things right
Term
Post-exilic
Definition
prophecies and things happening after the second exile, the Babylonian exile of 586 BCE
Term
Symbolic Acts
Definition
prophets who acted their prophecies, Ezekiel lay on his side for days to describe the years of exile, Hosea married a prostitute who was unfaithful, demonstrate Israel's lack of faithfulness
Term
Name 3 things about Elie Wiesel, feel free to Google the information
Definition

            -Jewish

            -won the Nobel Peace Prize

            -was a prisoner in Auschwitz

            -wrote the book Night

Term
The inside cover defines what great event in history the Haggadah celebrates, be able to name the event
Definition

Passover

Term
There are many things involved in the Seder meal. Be able to name 3 of these. See page 11, heading: "The Seder"
Definition

matzah

bitter herbs

green vegetable

Term
How does Wiesel view the Sabbath? See pages 12-18 or the section following "The Seder" and "The Kadesh"
Definition

The Sabbath is God’s gift to humanity

(a sanctuary in time; Israel’s survival is linked to it)

 

Israel will maintain the Sabbath, and in the end, the Sabbath will maintain Israel

Term
Pages 24-70 are title "Maggid: Telling the Story." Be able to recount 3 events from the reading that impressed you.
Definition

how he talked about seeking a stranger to share Passover/ Seder with

 

taking care of the needy with dignity

(quietly collecting funds)

 

dipping a finger in wine and spilling a drop for each of the 3 wonders

(signifies compassion for the Egyptians who were also victims—of their own arrogance)

(spilling three drops of wine, and then later, the ten drops, when reciting ten plaguesà manifest our sadness)

Term
What does Wiessel say about "Elijah," page 93.
Definition

fifth cup is intended for the prophet Elijah (who more than any other prophet is linked to the ultimate redemption of Israel)

 

records tragic events (he is a witness)

 

peacemaker

 

bearer of secrets/ ultimate secret

 

one day he will come to stay and he will accompany the Messiah

 

Elijah will one day tell how many cups are supped to be consumed during the Seder

Term
How is what you know of Wiesel illustrated by his words?
Definition

he is kind

 

he is compassionate

 

he is wise

Term
Judaism
Definition
Jim Heckman writes: "Judaism stresses conduct rather than doctrine or creed. While there is a diversity of belief within the Jewish tradition, traditionally Jews have believed in a single omniscient, omnipresent God. It is believed that God entered a covenant with the Jews at Mount Sinai, and there fore Jews are to set an example for humankind by obeying and serving God and being 'alight unto the nations.'"
Term
Haggadah
Definition

defined on the inside cover of Wiesel's text


book of readings for the seder service celebrating Passover  

Term
Passover
Definition
Exodus 12 (God ‘passed over’ the marked doors of the Jews when he came for the Egyptians—taking every 1st born boy)
Term
3 notable actions or characteristics of Abraham
Definition

left Haran and went to Israel to worship 1 god

 

chasing after lot

 

gave Sarah away to Pharoh

 

he was a man of God

 

Father of the 3 monothesisc religions

Term
3 notable actions or characteristics of Muhammad
Definition

peacemaker

 

listened to Gabriel 

 

founder of the Qur'an

 

Founded Islam

Term
Seder meal defined on page 11, "The Seder"
Definition

Kadesh: reciting the Kiddush

U’Rechatz: washing of the hands

Karpas: blessing for the green vegetable

Yachatz: breaking of the middle matzah

Maggid: telling the story

Rachtzah: washing the hands before the meal

Motzi Matzah: prayer for the beginning of the meal and blessing for the matzah

Maror: blessing for the bitter herbs

Korech: Hillel’s sandwich

Shulchan Orech: the meal

Tzafun: the afikoman

Barech: saying grace

Hallel: Psalms of praise

Nirtzah: conclusion of the service

Term

What are the 5 basic tenets of Islam and the requirement for becoming a Muslim?

(A-K, 6, you only need to know 3 of these.)

Definition

1. Five basic tenets of Islam and the requirement for becoming Muslim?

1. The declaration of faith

2. Prayer

3. Fasting

4. Pilgrimage

5. Donation to charity

 

*1st pillar: declaration of faith: all that is necessary to become a Muslim

Term
What does A-K say about prayer? (A-K, 7-10)
Definition

must pray five times a day; dawn, early afternoon, late afternoon, sunset, and evening

 

prayers consist of certain passages from the Qur’an, recited in Arabic

 

In Islam, worship (Muslim prayer) and supplication (humble request) (comes at the end of the prayer) are separate

 

During prayer, Muslims speak directly to God in God’s presence during this ritual of worship

 

head covering is simply a way of showing respect

 

all prayers may be performed at home, individually, but also may be prayed in the mosque

 

in the mosque, prayers are led by the imam, who recited portions of the prayer aloud and keeps everyone synchronized

(imam may simply be someone who can recite enough verses to lead the prayer, or he may be someone who is learned in Islamic jurisprudence)

(women have historically led prayers and continue to do so today)

 

Mosques are really only gathering places, not innately holy buildings (praying at home is no less valid a religious act)

Term
What is Ramadan? (A-K, 16-19)
Definition

God first revealed the Qur’an to Muhammad

 

the ninth month of the Islamic year when Muslims do not eat or drink anything between sunrise and sunset

Term
What is the Pilgrimage? (A-K, 24-25)
Definition

another one of the five pillars

           

Ka’ba in Mecca (incorporates the original Black Stone—Muslim’s believe God gave Adam a special stone, called the Black Stone, when he was expelled from heaven)

Term
What is Charity? (A-K, 25)
Definition

Every adult Muslim of sound mind must annually donate a percentage of his or her total wealth to charity unless debts are owed

 

called zakat

Term
What is the meaning of "Islam?" (A-K, 33)
Definition

“submission” and “peace”

Term
How does Islam fit the Judeo-Christian tradition? (38-42)
Definition

followers of an Earlier Revelation because they each received a scripture or revelation for God

 

same angels inhabited Muslim tradition as Christian tradition (i.e. angel Gabriel)

 

Islam recognizes numerous other prophets besides Muhammad, many of whom are common to the Judeo-Christian tradition

[important prophets in Islam are Adam, Abraham (whom Islam considers the first Muslim), Moses, Jesus, Noah, and David]

[Muslims believe Jews, Muslims, and Christians are all descended from Abraham, who had two sons, Isaac and Ismail. Isaac’s descendants became Jews and Christians. Ismail’s descendant became Muslims]

 

It is clear in the Qur’an that Jesus was a human, albeit extremely respected, messenger of God

 

In Islam, people who believe in one God and do good things go to heaven

 

men and women are treated in Islam as equals

 

In Islam, if someone sins but repents and mends his or her ways, then God is merciful (Islam does not reserve heaven for Muslims only)

Term
Be able to say something about the Qur'an and translational problems. (A-K, 64-79)
Definition

Like poetry, the Qur’an is not written in prose but unmetered verse. It even rhymes. Originally, the Qur’an was recited, just as poetry is.

Term
1st chapter of Matthew
Definition
genealogy and a birth story
Term
1st chapter of Mark 
Definition
no birth story; John baptizing; John baptizes Jesus; Jesus gathers followers; Jesus cures a man of leprosy 
Term
1st Chapter of Luke 
Definition
birth story 
Term
1st chapter of John 
Definition
begins at the beginning of the world
Term
1st chapter of Acts
Definition
an ascension, choice, throw of the lot, prayer
Term
last chapter of Matt (Mt 28)
Definition

Mary Magdalene and the other Mary go to Jesus' tomb where they are greeted by an angel

 

the women are commissioned as missionaries (to tell Jesus' disciples that he has risen)

 

The bribe: the leaders ironically spread the rumor of the event the guards at the tomb were to prevent (Jesus' disciples stole his body from the tomb while the guards were asleep)

 

The Great Commission: Jesus instructs his disciples to gather more disciples and baptize with the Holy Spirit

Term
last chapter of Mark (Mk 16)
Definition

Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James, and Salome go to Jesus' tomb

 

Young man tells them Jesus has risen, and commissions them to tell Jesus disciples (the do not fulfill the commission)

 

The women flee from the tomb in terror

 

They didn't tell anyone b/c they were afraid

Term
last chapter of Luke (Lk 24)
Definition

The women discover Jesus' tomb empty and they tell the apostles

 

The apostles don't believe the women, but Peter goes to the tomb and sees for himself

 

The way to Emmaus: Jesus meets two women and he goes in with them to break bread

 

the messiah's final appearance to his eleven disciples and their companions, commission, and departure

Term
last chapter of John (Jn 20-21)
Definition

Mary Magdalene goes to Jesus tomb, sees it is empty and runs to get Simon Peter and the other disciple (they go to the tomb and see that Jesus has risen)

 

Jesus appears to Mary Magdalene

 

Mary Magdalene runs to tell Jesus' disciples

 

Jesus appears again to his disciples (but Thomas was not with them)

 

Jesus appears again to Thomas

 

Jesus appears again to his disciples at the Sea of Tiberias (his disciples go fishing but don't catch any fish, Jesus tells them to cast their nets, and they catch a lot of fish) (Jesus prepares breakfast for his disciples)

 

Jesus and Simon Peter: Peter professes his love to Jesus  three times (this parallels the threefold denial)

Term
What is the story being told in each last chapter of Matt, Mark, Luke, and John?
Definition
the resurrection of Jesus
Term
What is the surprising thing about Mark's last chapter(s)?
Definition

That they end so abruptly

 

The women see Jesus' tomb is empty and run in terror

Term

Into for Matt

Definition

Matt was the favorite of the early church

Matt starts with a genealogy and contains a birth story, mission and passion

Birth story in Matthew (focus on Joseph)

Tells the Christmas story

Matthew wanted to prove that Jesus was the new Moses

Term

Intro for Mark

Definition

The earliest narrative of Jesus’ life

No birth story

Lacks nativity account

Mark records no resurrection appearances

Term

Intro for Luke

Definition

3rd the of Synoptic Gospels

Luke is connected to the Acts of the Apostles

Contains a birth story (focuses on women, Mary/ Elizabeth)

Tells the Christmas story

Passion Story

And Resurrection

 

Declares the life and ministry of Jesus to be the fulfillment of “the law of Moses, the prophets, and the psalms”

 

Probably written in the late first century, shortly after the destruction

Term

Intro for John

Definition

Probably written in the last decade of the first century CE

No birth story

Passion story

And Resurrection

 

Two contexts: ministry of Jesus (26-30 CE); and the situation of the author and his community after the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE

 

John begins at the beginning of the world

Term

Acts

Definition

Sequel of Luke’s Gospel

 

Account of the glorious Christian march from Jerusalem to Rome

 

Proclaims Jesus the messiah

 

Probably written in the decades following the Roman destruction of Jerusalem (70-73 CE)

 

Opening versus sets the stage for the narrative begins with the ascension

 

In the second major section of the narrative, the mission moves beyond Jerusalem throughout the regions of the eastern shore of the Mediterranean, primarily from Jerusalem to Antioch in Syria

 

The third major section is organized around two Pauline journeys

 

The forth major section opens with Paul’s arrival in Jerusalem, giving account to the elders, and his entry into the Temple, prompting trials before the Roman tribune in the presence of the chief priest and the Temple Sanhedrin

Term
Which Gospel is linked to Acts and why?
Definition

Luke, the addressing to Theophilus

 

writing style is the same

Term
Which Gospel is the earliest written?
Definition
Mark
Term
Which Gospel was the favorite of the early church
Definition
Matthew
Term
Which Gospel describes "the growing antagonism toward Jesus by powerful Jewish leaders" and how does that tie into the meaning of the term "the Jews" as used in that Gospel?
Definition

Into to John

 

the term "the Jews" was a term to kill Jews

Term
anoint
Definition
to touch or rub with oil. Both things and people can be anointed. Anointing was a sign that the person or object was dedicated to God: kings (1 Kings 1.39) and priests (Lev 8.30) were anointed, as were the bodies of those who had died (Lk 23.56). See Christ, messiah.
Term
apostle
Definition
"one who is sent" (Greek), a delegate or representative. In the New Testament, an apostle was one who had known Jesus and could witness to his resurrection (Acts 1.21-22) or a preacher of the gospel who had been called by God (1 Cor 12.28; Rom 16.7).
Term
eschatological
Definition
pertaining to the end of the present age or world
Term
Herod the Great
Definition
died in 4 BCE, was the Herod at the time of Jesus' birth
Term
Herod Antipas
Definition
the Herod who put John the Baptist to death and who is around during Jesus' ministry
Term

Jesus:

be able to state 3 notable actions or characteristics of Jesus

Definition

Jesus performs miracles

 

(paralytic, Mt 9:1-8; Mk 2:1-12; Lk 5:17-26)

 

(walking on water, Mt 14:25-33; Mk 6:48-52; Jn 6:15-21)

 

(catching of fish, Jn 21:1-14)

 

 

Term
John the Baptist
Definition

he baptized Jesus

 

some believe he was Elijah

Term
Qumran
Definition
area the Essenes lived in by the Dead Sea
Term
Samaritans
Definition
remnants of the 5 peoples an Assyrian king settled in northern Israel just north of the Judean border, Mt. Ebal and Mt. Gerizim are part of their territory
Term
Parousia
Definition
"coming". The parousia refers to the second coming of Christ, that is, the expected return of the Messiah at the end of the age or the end of the world.
Term
Jewish groups
Definition
Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Hellenists, Zealots, Sicarii, Sanhedrin
Term
Pharisees
Definition
religious reform, studied and taught from entire Hebrew Bible and Oral Law, resurrection
Term
Sadducees
Definition
most powerful and rich, filled Sanhedrin, did not believe in the resurrection
Term
Essenes
Definition

not mentioned in NT, resided in Qumran, copiers and/ or collectors of Dead Sea Scrolls 

 

(John the Baptist sounds like him sometimes)

(men, did not marry)

Term
Hellenists
Definition
Jews who were fond of Greek ways
Term
Zealots
Definition
zeal for God and plotted revolt against Rome
Term
Sicarii
Definition
undisciplined group, knifed anyone they thought might be conspiring with Rome
Term
Sanhedrin
Definition
the group of Jews responsible for ruling religious and local court matters. It was made up of the upper classes, of Sadducees and Pharisees
Term
What is Pentecost as described in Acts 2:1-24? 
Definition

The fiftieth day after Passover, the popular Feast of Weeks of early harvest

 

Galileans speak in tounges

 

In Jerusalem, Peter, standing with the eleven disciples, addresses the people of Judea and Jerusalem, and attests that Jesus is the true prophet

Term
What happened to Saul/ Paul on the road to Damascus? (Acts 9:1-22). 
Definition

Saul/ Paul attempts to prosecute Jesus' followers and on the way to Damascus he is approached by Jesus, and he looses his sight for three days

 

Disciple named Ananias receives a vision from the Lord to help Saul/ Paul.. Ananias goes to Saul/ Paul and restores his sight.. Saul/ Paul gives thanks to the Lord

Term
What was the Jerusalem Council and why was it so important? (Acts 15:1-22 and the notes) 
Definition
??????? 
Term
How are Pauline epistles organized? (See the Access Bible introduction to 1 Corinthians.)
Definition

Standard features of a Pauline letter:

a) opening greeting

b) thanksgiving

c) body of the letter

d) benediction

Term
How are the books of Hebrews and John different from 1 and 2 Corinthians, Romans and Galatians (think authorship)?
Definition

1 and 2 Corinthians, Romans, and Galatians are written by Paul

 

The authors of Hebrews and John are unknown

Term
Look up anti-Christ in the concordance. (Where is the term only found and how do you interpret it?) 
Definition

the one that stands against Christ

 

found in 1 John 2:18, 2:22, 1 John 4:3 and 2 John 1:7

 

1 John 2:18, "Children, it is the last hour! As you have heard that antichrist is coming, so now many antichrists have come. From this we know that it is the last hour." 

 

1 John 2:22, "Who is the liar but the one who denies that Jesus is the Christ? This is the antichrist, the one who denies the Father and the Son."

 

1 John 4:3, "and every spirit that does not confess Jesus is not from God. And this is the spirit of the antichrist, of which you hae heard that it is coming; and now it is already in the world"

 

2 John 1:7, "Many deceivers have gone out into the world, those who do not confess that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh; any such person is the deceiver and the antichrist!"

Term
What is Paul's great concern in the letter to the Galatians? (See the introduction) 
Definition
Paul's charges his followers for insisting that gentiles must observe the Mosaic law (in particular, they are requiring circumcision) 
Term
What is remarkable about Gal 3:25-29? 
Definition

Accepts everyone through faith.

 

"But now that faith has come, we are no longer subject to a disciplinarian, for in Christ Jesus you are all children of God through faith. As many of you as were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ. There is no longer Jew or Greek, there is no longer slave or free, there is no long male and female; for all of you are one in Christ Jesus. And if you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham's offspring, heirs according to the promise."

Term
What is the author highlighting in Hebrews 11:1-40? 
Definition
Faith 
Term
catholic epistles
Definition
general NT letters, not directed to a specific church or situation and not authored by Pau
Term
gentile
Definition
a non-Jew
Term
Holy Spirit 
Definition
the third person of the Trinity, the one Jesus sent to his followers when he ascended (John 14:26). 
Term
Jerusalem council
Definition

Acts 15

 

the decision that not everyone had to be circumcised because it was more important to welcome

 

 

Term
Joseph of the NT 
Definition

see Matt 1:18-25 and 2:19-23

 

Mary's fiance

Term
Paul/ Saul 
Definition
the most influential Christian writer and missionary of the first century CE, author of many NT epistles. He is called Saul at the beginning of Acts and later both Saul and Paul (See Acts 13:9) 
Term
Pauline epistles 
Definition
letters written by Paul (not all the epistles that include his name are considered to have been wirtten by him) 
Term
Pontius Pilate 
Definition
the Roman prefect (administrator) who oversaw Jesus' trial and who condemned him to death 
Term
Prisca/ Aquila (Romans 16:3, Acts 18) 
Definition
appear as partners in ministry with Paul in many contexts 
Term
Q or Quelle 
Definition
According to the most widely-held theory, Matthew and Luke relied on Mark and on another document (now lost) that contained mostly sayings of Jesus; this second document is referred to as "Q" from the German word "Quelle" (source). In addition, Matthew and Luke each had their own sources. See interpretation. 
Term
Resurrection
Definition
the return of one who has died to life, to life unhampered by general physical laws 
Term
Stephen 
Definition
the first Christian martyred for his faith. 
Term
Synoptic gospels 
Definition
Matthew, Mark, and Luke. "Synoptic" means "view together," and is applied to these writing because they, unlike John, can be readily compared. 
Term
synoptic problem
Definition
the observation that in many passages Matthew and Luke repeat with only minor changes what Mark says, yet in other passages they do not follow Mark, or include stories or saying that Mark does not have, yet match each other very closely. Many commentators, from the earliest years of Christianity, have tried to understand the relationship among the Synoptic Gospels. According to the most widely-held theory, Matthew and Luke relied on Mark and on another document (now lost) that contained mostly sayings of Jesus; this second document is referred to as "Q" from the German word "Quelle" (source). In addition, Matthew and Luke each had their own sources. See interpretation. 
Term
Theophilus
Definition
either a general title referring to a lover of God or an unknown man to whom Luke addresses both his Gospel and Acts (see the opening verses of Luke and Acts)
Term
1800 BCE
Definition
Abraham, Sarah and Lot to Israel
Term
1250 BCE: 
Definition
Entry into the land
Term
1000 BCE: 
Definition
King David establishes the kingdom
Term
900 BCE: 
Definition
Rehoboam splits the kingdom
Term
722 BCE: 
Definition
The first exile (Israel), Israel is lost as all the people become Assyrian by the 2nd generation. Scholars escape to Jerusalem (Judah) with holy scrolls.
Term
701 BCE: 
Definition
The siege of Jerusalem
Term
586 BCE: 
Definition
The second exile (Judah), the Judeans are saved, continue to practice their language and religion in Babylon, establish a great school of learning
Term
538 BCE
Definition
Cyrus the Great frees Jewish returnees
Term
323 BCE
Definition
Alexander the Great conquers world for Greek
Term
164 BCE
Definition
Judas Macabbeus frees Israel/ Jerusalem
Term
63 BCE
Definition
Pompey conquers Israel/ Jerusalem
Term
6-4 BCE
Definition
Jesus is born
Term
1948 CE
Definition
Jerusalem again is a free country
Supporting users have an ad free experience!