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Unit 1 2016 Particle Behavior
Unit 1 2016 Particle Behavior
33
Chemistry
10th Grade
10/01/2013

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Term
What is kinetic energy?
Definition
energy of particle motion

connected to temperature
Term
What is potential energy?
When does potential energy change?
Definition
energy of particle arrangement

changes during a phase change, when temp is constant
Term
What is temperature?
Definition
a measurement of the average kinetic energy of particles
Term
melting
Definition
solid to liquid phase change
Term
freezing
Definition
liquid to solid phase change
Term
evaporation/boiling
Definition
liquid to gas phase change
Term
condensation
Definition
gas to liquid phase change
Term
sublimation
Definition
solid to gas phase change
Term
deposition
Definition
gas to solid phase change
Term
How does heat transfer? (from where to where)
Definition
heat always transfers from hi temp to low temp,
hotter to less hot
Term
absolute zero
Definition
0 Kelvin, where particle motion would stop
Term
solids
Definition
rigid, geometric, crystal
definite volume and shape
strong intermolecular forces between particles
low entropy
Term
liquid
Definition
particles flow and move, but not too far
definite volume, but takes the shape of container
Term
gas
Definition
particles move very fast and far apart
no definite volume and no shape
expands to fill container
random constant straight-line motion
high entropy
Term
endothermic
Definition
heat is absorbed in
increase in E
Term
exothermic
Definition
heat is released out
decrease in E
Term
entropy
Definition
disorder
Term
intermolecular forces
Definition
forces between particles
Term
kinetic molecular theory
Definition
theory that explains how particles behave
Term
When do gases act like ideal gases?
Definition
high temperature, low pressure
Term
heat of vaporization
Definition
heat involved in evaporation, boiling or condensation
Term
What happens to energy during phase change?
Definition
a change that occurs when potential energy of a phase changes and particles spread/arrangement changes; during a phase change temperature remains constant
Remember "P-P"==> Phase change = Potential energy change
Term
intensive properties
Definition
do no change, even if the amount of substance changes
like: density, melting point boiling point, conducticity
Term
extensive properties
Definition
do CHANGE depending on the amount of substance,
like: melting time, boiling time, length, volume, mass
Term
Particle Theory
Definition
all matter is made of particles
particles are always moving
particle motion can be changed by changing temperature
there are forces between particles
Term
Matter
Definition
anything with mass and volume
made of atoms
Term
for gases at constant pressure, as temperature increases
particles ...
Definition
particle motion increases (goes faster) and volume increases (expands)
Term
for gases at constant volume, as temperature increases
particles ...
Definition
particle motion increases(goes faster) and more collision occur , creating more pressure
Term
for gases at constant temperature, as pressure increases
particles ...
Definition
particles are forced closer together, and volume decreases
Term
Pressure
Definition
created by gas particles colliding with container
Term
At the same temperature and pressure, different gases will have the
Definition
same volume
this is called Avogadro's Law
Term
STP
Definition
standard temperature and pressure
Table A
Term
1 mole of any gas has a volume of
Definition
22.4 L
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