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READ 409- Phonics Pt. 1
Phonics Part I
43
Education
Not Applicable
09/03/2010

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Cards

Term
The Roman alphabet has ____ letters to represent approximately ____ English sounds (phonemes). 
Definition
26, 44
Term
phonics
Definition
the relationship among the letters of the alphabetic writing system and the sounds in spoken words, as well as an approach for teaching these relationships
Term
phonics
Definition
makes it possible for beginning readers to learn new words through a process of changing the letter and sound relationships of unfamiliar written words into familiar spoken words
Term
phonemic awareness
Definition
the understanding that words consist of sounds and the ability to act on this understanding 
Term
There is a close relationship between _____, _____, and ____.
Definition
phonemic awareness, phonics, and success in learning to read
Term
Phonics instruction is most effective when it is: (4)
Definition

1. done early, intensely, directly, and systematically 


2. combined with instruction in reading comprehension


3. taught throughout the day


4. integrated with ongoing classroom instruction in spelling

Term
The language of any people is the ____ system by which the individuals communicate with one another. 
Definition
sound
Term
The written language is merely a system of ____, a code, used to represent the spoken language.
Definition
symbols
Term
One of the basic steps in the reading process is _____.
Definition
decoding
Term
translating the codes into the sounds of the spoken language
Definition
decoding
Term
the smallest unit of sound that distinguishes one word from another
Definition
phoneme
Term
the symbol /b/ refers to the ____ represented by the key symbol b
Definition
phoneme
Term
the slight variations in pronunciation
Definition
allophones
Term
variant forms of a single phoneme
Definition
allophone
Term
the written representation of the phoneme
Definition
grapheme
Term
the unit in the written code
Definition
grapheme
Term
a speech sound
Definition
phoneme
Term
naturally occurring variations in the phonemes of the English language
Definition
allophones
Term
phonemes that produce a puff of air 
Definition
aspirated
Term
phonemes that do not produce a puff of air
Definition
unaspirated
Term
never consists of a less than a letter, but it may consist of more than 1 letter
Definition
grapheme
Term
We can consider the American-English language to contain 44 separate ____.
Definition
phonemes
Term
the understanding that spoken language consists of words, syllables, rhymes, and phonemes
Definition
phonological awareness
Term
the understanding that spoken words are composed of phonemes and the understanding that individual phonemes, when blended together, form meaningful words
Definition
phonemic awareness
Term
the reader attaches 1 or more phonemes to a word or word part
Definition
phoneme addition
Term
removing 1 or more phonemes from a word
Definition
phoneme deletion
Term
the reader deletes 1 or more phonemes from a word (or word part) and replaces them with 1 or more different phonemes
Definition
phoneme substitution
Term
consist of the 26 letters and combinations of these letters (graphemes), the 44 sounds (phonemes), and the system of relationships among the letters and the sounds (phonics)
Definition
graphophonic cues
Term
readers use ___ cues to translate the written code into the sounds that form from the words of spoken language
Definition
graphophonic
Term
a synonym for graphophonic
Definition
letter-sound
Term
the manner in which words are ordered to form phrases, clauses, and sentences
Definition
syntax
Term
readers who use _____ recognize the manner in which word order and grammatical function are clues to the identity of a word
Definition
syntactic clues
Term
refers to the meaning of language; therefore, the meaning of a passage provides readers with ____ clues
Definition
semantic
Term
In order to read, we must be able to ____, that is, to translate the written symbols into the correct speech sounds.
Definition
decode
Term
The smallest unit of sound that distinguishes one word from another is called a ____. 
Definition
phoneme
Term
For all practical purposes, the American-English language contains ____ phonemes. 
Definition
44
Term
Phonemic awareness consists of the ability to ____ words into their individual phonemes and ____ individual phonemes together to form meaningful spoken words. 
Definition
segment, blend
Term
Separating the word sat into its individual phonemes, /s/, /a/, /t/ is an example of ____. 
Definition
segmenting
Term
Combining the three phonemes /s/ + /a/ + /t/ to produce the word sat is an example of _____. 
Definition
blending
Term
A ____ is the written representation of a phoneme. 
Definition
grapheme
Term
Clues within words that indicate which phoneme a letter represents are called _____ clues. 
Definition
graphophonics
Term
The way that words are ordered and function in sentences provides ____ cues to word identification.
Definition
syntactic 
Term
The meaning of a passage provides readers with ___ cues to the identities of words.
Definition
semantic
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