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Details

RDH
Key Points
19
Speech-Language Pathology
Undergraduate 3
11/17/2016

Additional Speech-Language Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What increases the risk of communication difficulties in RDH?
Definition
the cause is a cortical CVA and there is a family history of left handedness
 
Term
How can deficits be catagorised?
Definition
Non-linguistic
Linguistic
Extra-linguistic
 
Term
Perceptual Impairements: Anosognosia
Definition

Denial of illness, lack of awareness

 
Term
Perceptual Impairement: Prosopagnosia
Definition

Problems recognising and identifying objects which are highly similar - typically this is manifested in a difficulty recognising individual faces

 
Term
Constructional Impairment
Definition

poor ability to copy or manipulate 2 & 3D images or objects

poor organisation of features of drawings - these may not be related well to each other

style of work is impulsive

attempts at self-correction are inaccurate

 
Term
Topographical Impairment
Definition

Difficulty following maps and giving directions - impaired ability to respresent external space mentally

 

Geographical disorientation i.e. Being unable to determine where they are relative to landmarks or objects - unable to use visual cues to construct representation of location

Term
Attentional Impairments
Definition

Unilateral neglect (damage to R parietal region)

 

Affects reading as miss LH side of the page

 

Similarly writing affected – half words are produced

 

Drawings may miss one half 

 
Term
Further Attentional Impairments
Definition

attentional control - focussing, maintaining, shifting attention

hypoarousal, - difficulties with vigilance, paying attention to important stimuli

sustaining attention and operating selective attention

 

Person is easily distracted and cannot seperate unimportant from important information
Term
Linguistic Deficits
Definition

Word finding and word fluency problems

Body part naming problems

Problems with comprehension of complex material

Difficulties with oral sentence reading

Writing difficulties

 

visual errors in naming and have problems with naming categories and collective nouns

Term
Varley 1995
Definition
Lexical knowledge is preserved, and observed difficulties arise from using retained linguistic knowledge in an appropiate way
Term
Extralingusitic Deficits
Definition

understanding metaphors and interpreting implicit and implied meaning

organising information - cannot distingish between significant and irrelevant contextual cues
Problems with topic maintenance

 Inability to be sensitive to the communicative situation and emotional tone, difficulty using and reading the emotion in facial expression

 Problems with impulsivity 

 Difficulties with humour

 
Term
Macrostructure Impairments
Definition

'overall theme or core concept conveyed in discource or visual events'

 

RHD patients appear to have impaired ability to recognise, use and integrate significant contextual features to identify the core theme or make inferences 

 
Term
Prosody Impairments
Definition

Cannot produce normal pitch and stress, leading to patients not being able to express feeling or distinguish between question and interrogative 

 

Impaired processing of prosody may affect comprehension and/or production

 
Term
Observation
Definition

Observe in both quiet and normal settings

With groups or 1:1

How they cope with distraction

Can they maintain communication with more than one person in the conversation

Term
Bedside assessment
Definition

Questions: do you have any difficulties? tell me what happened, personal history, what have you done today, what do you think will happen in a few weeks?

Assess the responses for evidence of insight, memory  problems, ability to maintain narrative discourse, orientation

Picture description

Identify any areas requiring formal Ax

 
Term
Formal RDH Assessments
Definition

RH Language battery - Bryan 1995

RICE - Burns 1996

RH Communication Battery - Gardener and Brownell 1986

Discource Comprehension Assessment - Brookshire and Nicolas 1993

 

Could use conversation analysis

Term
Treatment
Definition

Improving awareness of problems (anosognosia)

Improving awareness of alternative lexical meanings

Councelling

Supporting and training conversation partners

Joint goal planning with other professionals

Work on understanding humour and sarcasm

Training in understanding and producing prosody

Discource training

Term
Advice to Carers
Definition

Provide a consistent routine every day 

Use calendars, clocks, and notepads to remind the person of important information 

Decrease distractions when communicating 

Stand to the person's right side and place objects to the person's right if they are experiencing left side neglect 

Break down instructions to small steps and repeat directions as needed 

Ask questions and use reminders to keep the individual on topic 

Avoid sarcasm, metaphors, etc. when speaking to the individual 

Provide appropriate supervision to ensure the person's safety 

Term
What percentage of people with RHD experience communication difficulties as a result?
Definition
50%
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