Term
|
Definition
| drug given to boost neutrophil count |
|
|
Term
| How many blood cells does bone marrow produce daily? |
|
Definition
2.5 billion RBC
2.5 billion platelets
1 billion WBC |
|
|
Term
| In plasma, there is a lot of what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What does albumin do?
What does decreased albumin cause? |
|
Definition
Increases osmotic pressure of blood (keeps fluid in vascular space)
Edema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Main component of antibodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Activates to form fibrin (important in clotting) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are old RBC destroyed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is done with the iron from old RBC? |
|
Definition
| Recycled in liver to form new RBC |
|
|
Term
| What does the heme part of each RBC need in order to carry oxygen? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens to RBC production when someone is hypoxic? |
|
Definition
| RBC production increases because person is not getting enough O2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a person with chronic hypoxia or emphysema, what happens to their blood? |
|
Definition
| Too many RBCs are produced, causing thick blood. Increased risk for clots |
|
|
Term
| What happens to RBC count in person with end stage renal disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A hormone released by the kidneys that stimulates the production of RBC |
|
|
Term
| Can a platelet plug stop bleeding |
|
Definition
| No, a platelet plug alone won't stop bleeding. A clot will stop bleeding. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hormone that controls the production of platelets. |
|
|
Term
| Where are platelets stored? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the role of the spleen in hematopoiesis |
|
Definition
Storage container
Breaks down old Hgb
Stores platelets
Filters antigens |
|
|
Term
| A pt with w lacerated spleen is at risk for what? |
|
Definition
| Hemorrhage and increased risk for infection |
|
|
Term
| What is the role of the liver in hematopoiesis? |
|
Definition
Produces prothrombin & blood clotting factors
Helps form vitamin K - essential for cloting
Converts bilirubin to bile
Stores excess iron
Stores large quantities of blood |
|
|
Term
| Pt with lacerated liver is at risk for what? |
|
Definition
| Massive blood loss - hemorrhage. Liver stores a lot of blood. |
|
|
Term
| What happens when platelets are activated? |
|
Definition
| They become sticky, they clump together and form platelet plug. Sctivated by injury to vessel. |
|
|
Term
| Examples of intrinsic factors in blood clotting |
|
Definition
Coronary artery disease
Antigen-antibody reaction
Comes from problem inside a blood vessel |
|
|
Term
| Examples of extrinsic factors in clotting |
|
Definition
Trauma to vessel
Change in the actual blood vessel |
|
|
Term
| What do anti-clotting factors do? |
|
Definition
| stop a clot from getting too big. They limit the clot to the area of injury |
|
|
Term
| Examples of anti-clotting factors |
|
Definition
Protein C
Protein S
Antithrombin III
If these are decreased, person is at risk for developing clots, MI, stroke, PE. |
|
|
Term
What do anticoagulants do?
examples? |
|
Definition
They help prevent new blood clots.
THEY DO NOT DISSOLVE EXISTING CLOTS!!!
Heparin, Coumadin |
|
|
Term
| What do fibrinolytics do? |
|
Definition
They dissolve existing clots.
"CLOT BUSTERS" |
|
|
Term
What do platelet inhibitors do?
Examples? |
|
Definition
Prevent platelets from becoming active, or prevent activated platelets from clotting.
Aspirin, Plavix |
|
|
Term
What is hemophelia?
Who is at risk? |
|
Definition
Bleeding disease.
Only men can get it. |
|
|
Term
| What are most common presenting symptoms for anemia? |
|
Definition
Dyspnea on exertion
Fatigue |
|
|
Term
| Anemia can cause what changes in the heart? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a normal ratio of hgb:hct? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Normal Hgb ranges?
Normal Hct ranges? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does reticulocyte count measure? |
|
Definition
| Immature RBCs in blood. Released in times of need. Should be increased if pt is anemic. |
|
|
Term
| When giving Coumadin, what labs should be monitored? |
|
Definition
Prothrombin time
International normalized ratio (INR) |
|
|
Term
| When giving heparin, what labs should be measured |
|
Definition
| Partial thromboplastin time |
|
|
Term
| If MCV, MCH, MCHC are increased, what should be expected? |
|
Definition
| Macrolytic anemias due to B12 & folate deficiency |
|
|
Term
| What bones are normal site for bone marrow biopsy? |
|
Definition
| Iliac crest of pelvis, or sternum |
|
|
Term
| Patient care following bone marrow biopsy? |
|
Definition
Cover site with dressing
Observe for bleeding & infection for 24 hr
Analgesic for pain 0 no NSAIDs
Ice to site to prevent bruising. |
|
|
