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Raja Test 2
Lungs
83
Health Care
Professional
02/24/2012
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Term
1.       The _____ are the vital organs of respiration.
 Definition
LUNGS
Term
2.       The main function of the lungs is to _____, by bringing inspired air into close relation with the venous blood in the pulmonary capillaries.
 Definition
OXYGENATE THE BLOOD
Term
3.       The lungs are separated from each other by the _____, to which they are attached by the _____.
 Definition
MEDIASTINUM; ROOT OF THE LUNGS
Term
4.       The _____ of the lungs divide each lung into lobes.
 Definition
FISSURES
Term
5.       The right lung has 2 fissures which are the _____ and the _____ fissures.
 Definition
OBLIQUE AND HORIZONTAL FISSURES
Term
6.       In the right lung, the oblique fissure lies parallel to a line interconnecting the _____ posteriorly, and the _____ anteriorly.
 Definition
T4 SPINOUS PROCESSL 5TH RIB IN THE MIDAXILLARY LINE AND THE 6TH COSTAL CARTILAGE
Term
7.       The _____ separates the superior and middle lobe of the right lung from the inferior lobe.
 Definition
OBLIQUE FISSURE
Term
8.       In the left lung, the _____ separates the superior and inferior lobes.
 Definition
OBLIQUE FISSURE
Term
9.       The horizontal fissure is in the right lung only, and it passes from the _____ to the _____ anteriorly.
 Definition
OBLIQUE FISSURE TO THE 4TH COSTAL CARTILAGE
Term
10.   In the right lung, the horizontal fissure separates the _____ lobe from the _____ lobe.
 Definition
SUPERIOR FROM THE MIDDLE LOBE
Term
11.   The horizontal fissure is _____ in the left lung.
 Definition
ABSENT
Term
12.   All fissures of the lung are covered by the _____.
 Definition
VISCERAL PLEURA
Term
13.   The fissures of each lung reach the _____ of the lung.
 Definition
HILUM
Term
14.   the _____ is a short broad pedicle which connects the medial surface of the lung to the mediastinum.
 Definition
ROOT OF THE LUNG
Term
15.   the roof of the lung is formed by the structures which either enter or leave the lung at the _____.
 Definition
HILUM
Term
16.   the roots of the lungs lie opposite to the bodies of the _____, _____ and _____ vertebrae.
 Definition
T5, T6, T7
Term
17.   9 structures which make up the root of the lung.
 Definition
1) PRINCIPAL BRONCHUS ON THE LEFT SIDE AND EPATERIAL AND HYPARTERIAL BRONCHI ON THE RIGHT SIDE, 2) ONE PULMONARY ARTERY, 3) SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR PULMONARY VEINS, 4) BRONCIAL ARTERIES, 5) BRONCHIAL VEINS, 6) ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR PULMONARY PLEXUS OF NERVES, 7) LYMPHATICS OF THE LUNGS, 8) BRONCHOPULMONARY LYMPH NODES, 9) AREOLAR TISSUE
Term
18.   There is _____ bronchial arteries on the right side, and _____ bronchial arteries on the left side in the root of the lung.
 Definition
1, 2
Term
19.   The _____ is the center of the root of the lung in the right lung.
 Definition
PULMONARY ARTERY
Term
20.   This is the arrangement of structures from anterior to posterior in the root of the lung (3 structures).
 Definition
1) SUPERIOR PULMONARY VEIN, 2) PULMONARY ARTERY, 3) BRONCHUS
Term
21.   4 structures from superior to inferior in the right root of the lung.
 Definition
1) EPATERIAL (SECONDARY) BRONCHUS, 2) PULMONARY ARTERY, 3) HYPARTERIAL BRONCHUS, 4) INFERIOR PULMONARY VEIN
Term
22.   3 structures from superior to inferior in the right root of the lung.
 Definition
1) PULMONARY ARTERY, 2) BRONCHUS, 3) INFERIOR PULMONARY VEIN
Term
23.   The mediastinal pleura surrounding the root of the lung extends downwards beyond the root as a fold called the _____
 Definition
PULMONARY LIGAMENT
Term
24.   What type of tissue makes up the pulmonary ligament?
 Definition
LOOSE AREOLAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Term
25.   2 functions of the pulmonary ligament.
 Definition
1) PROVIDES A DEAD SPACE INTO WHICH THE PULMONARY VEINS CAN EXPAND DURING INCREASED VENOUS RETURN, 2) ALLOWS ROOM FOR THE LUNG ROOTS TO DESCEND DURING INSPIRATION
Term
26.   The _____ is the spot on the mediastinal surface of each lung, which is the point where the structures forming the root of the lung enter and leave.
 Definition
HILUM
Term
27.   The anterior margin of the right lung is relatively _____.
 Definition
STRAIGHT
Term
28.   The anterior margin of the left lung has a _____.
 Definition
DEEP CARDIAC NOTCH
Term
29.   The cardiac notch primarily indents the _____ aspect of the superior lobe of the left lung.
 Definition
ANTEROINFERIOR
Term
30.   The cardiac notch creates a thin tongue like process of the superior lobe of the left lung called the _____.
 Definition
LINGULA
Term
31.   The inferior border of the left and right lungs separate the _____ from the _____ and _____.
 Definition
BASE OF THE LUNG FROM THE COSTAL AND MEDIASTINAL SURFACE
Term
32.   The _____ is the blunt superior end of the lung ascending above the level of the 1st costal cartilage into the root of the neck.
 Definition
APEX
Term
33.   The apex of the lung Is covered by the _____.
 Definition
CERVICAL PLEURA
Term
34.   The cardiac impression is prominent in the _____.
 Definition
LEFT LUNG
Term
35.   The _____ of the lung is formed by the diaphragmatic surface, and it is semilunar and concave.
 Definition
BASE
Term
36.   The base of the lung rests on the _____, which separates the right lung from the right lobe of the liver, and the left lung from the left lobe of the liver, fundus of stomach, and the spleen.
 Definition
DIAPHRAGM
Term
37.   The _____ of the lung is convex and smooth.
 Definition
COSTAL SURFACE
Term
38.   The costal surface of the lungs is related to the _____.
 Definition
COSTAL PLEURA
Term
39.   The _____ surface of the lung is concave.
 Definition
MEDIASTINAL SURFACE
Term
40.   The concavity of the lungs is greater on the _____ side, because 2/3 of the heart is to the _____.
 Definition
LEFT; LEFT
Term
1.       Anterior to the apex of the lung lies the _____ artery.
 Definition
SUBCLAVIAN
Term
2.       Posterior to the apex of the lung lies these 3 structures.
 Definition
1) STELLATE GANGLION, 2) VENTRAL RAMUS OF THE 1ST SPINAL NERVE, 3) SUPERIOR INTERCOSTAL ARTERY
Term
3.       2 structures that lie laterally to the apex of the lung.
 Definition
1) SCALENUS MEDIUS, 2) BRACHIOCEPHALIC TRUNK
Term
4.       Above the apex of the lung is the _____ and the _____.
 Definition
CERVICAL PLEURA AND SUPRAPLEURAL MEMBRANE
Term
5.       The _____ supply nutrition to the bronchial tree and pulmonary tissue.
 Definition
BRONCHIAL ARTERIES
Term
6.       The right bronchial artery arises from the _____ or from the _____.
 Definition
3RD POSTERIOR INTERCOSTAL ARTERY; UPPER LEFT BRONCHIAL ARTERY
Term
7.       There are _____ left bronchial arteries.
 Definition
2
Term
8.       The left bronchial arteries arise from the _____.
 Definition
DESCENDING THROACIC AORTA
Term
9.       Deoxygenated blood is brought to the lungs by the _____, and oxygenated blood is returned to the heart by the _____.
 Definition
PULMONARY ARTERIES; PULMONARY VEINS
Term
10.   The greater part of the venous blood from the lungs is drained by the _____.
 Definition
PULMONARY VEINS
Term
11.   The venous blood from the first 1 or 2 divisions of the bronchi is carried by the _____ veins, which opens into the _____ system of veins.
 Definition
BRONCHIAL VEINS; AZYGOS
Term
12.   The lymphatics of the lungs enter into the _____ nodes.
 Definition
BRNCHOPULMONARY NODES
Term
13.   The left bronchial vein opens into the _____ vein, while the right bronchial vein opens into the _____ vein.
 Definition
ACCESSORY HEMIAZYGOS VEIN; AZYGOS VEIN
Term
14.   There is anastomosis between the branches of the _____ and the tributaries of the _____ on the surface of the lung underneath the visceral pleura.
 Definition
BRONCHIAL ARTERY; PULMONARY VEINS
Term
15.   Tributaries of the pulmonary veins passes the connective tissue septa between the _____.
 Definition
BRONCHOPULMONARY SEGMENTS
Term
16.   The lung has 2 sets of lymphatic plexuses which are the _____ and _____ lymphatic plexuses.
 Definition
SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP
Term
17.   The superficial plexus drains lymph from the _____ and _____.
 Definition
VISCERAL PLEURA AND LUNG PARENCHYMA
Term
18.   The deep lymphatic plexus drains lymph from the _____ and _____.
 Definition
BRONCHI AND PERIBRONCHIAL TISSUE
Term
19.   Both the superficial and deep lymphatic plexuses drain into the _____ lymph nodes then to the superior and inferior _____ lymph nodes.
 Definition
BRONCHOPULMONARY LYMPH NODES; TRACHEOBRONCHIAL LYMPH NODES
Term
20.   The inferior lobes of both lungs drain to the _____ nodes which primarily drain to the right side.
 Definition
INFERIOR TRACHEOBRONCHIAL (CARINAL) NODES
Term
21.   Most lymph from the lower love of the left lung drains to the _____.
 Definition
RIGHT SIDE
Term
22.   Lymph from the tracheobronchial lymph nodes passes to the right and left bronchomediastinal lymph trunks which usually terminate on each side at the _____.
 Definition
VENOUS ANGLES
Term
23.   The venous angles are junctions between the _____ and _____ veins.
 Definition
SUBCLAVIAN AND INTERNAL JUGULAR VEINS
Term
24.   The parasympathetic nerve supply to the lungs is derived from the _____ nerve.
 Definition
VAGUS
Term
25.   The vagus nerve causes the lung to do these 3 things.
 Definition
1) BRONCHOSPASM, 2) BRONCHOCONSTRICTION, 3) INCREASED SECRETION OF THE MUCUS GLAND
Term
26.   The sympathetic nerve supply to the lungs is derived from _____ segments.
 Definition
T2-T5
Term
27.   The sympathetic supply to the lungs serve these 2 functions.
 Definition
1) INHIBIT BRONCHOSPASM, 2) INHIBIT SECRETION OF MUCUS GLANDS
Term
28.   The _____ divides into the left and right primary bronchi.
 Definition
TRACHEA
Term
29.   Compared to the left primary bronchi the right is _____, _____ and _____.
 Definition
SHORTER, WIDER AND MORE VERTICAL
Term
30.   If atelectasis occurs, the foreign body usually impacts the _____ lung.
 Definition
RIGHT
Term
31.   The _____ are well-defined sectors of the lung, each which is aerated by a tertiary or secondary bronchus.
 Definition
BRONCHOPULMONARY SEGMENT
Term
32.   Each bronchopulmonary segment is pyramidal in shape with its apex directed towards the _____, and its base at the _____.
 Definition
ROOT OF THE LUNG; PLEURAL SURFACE
Term
33.   Each bronchopulmonary segment is surrounded by _____ which is continuous on the surface of the pulmonary pleura.
 Definition
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Term
34.   The _____ of the bronchopulmonary segment contains the tributary of the pulmonary vein.
 Definition
INTERSEGMENTAL SEPTA
Term
35.   The bronchopulmonary segments are _____.
 Definition
INDEPENDENT RESPIRATORY UNITS
Term
36.   The largest subdivisions of a lobe that are surgically resectable are the _____.
 Definition
BRONCHOPULMONARY SEGMENTS
Term
37.   In the superior lobe of the left lung, the apical and posterior segments typically combine into _____.
 Definition
APICO POSTERIOR SEGMENT
Term
38.   In the inferior lobe of the left lung, the anterior basal and medial basal bronchopulmonary segments often combine into _____ segment.
 Definition
ANTEROMEDIAL BASAL SEGMENT
Term
39.   _____ is the collection of air in the pleural cavity.
 Definition
PNEUMOTHORAX
Term
40.   _____ is the collection of fluid in the interpleural space.
 Definition
PLEURAL EFFUSION
Term
41.   _____ is inflammation of the pleura.
 Definition
PLEURISY
Term
42.   _____ is a malignant tumor of the pleura if there is a past history of asbestos exposure.
 Definition
MESOTHELIOMA
Term
Between each segment of the lungs lies a tributary of the _____.
 Definition
PULMONARY VEIN
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