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Raja Test 2
Heart 1
87
Health Care
Professional
02/24/2012
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Term
1.       The heart is a hollow muscular organ situated in the _____.
 Definition
MIDDLE MEDIASTINUM
Term
2.       The heart has 4 chambers which are the _____, _____, _____ and _____.
 Definition
LEFT ATRIUM, RIGHT ATRIUM, LEFT VENTRICLE, RIGHT VENTRICLE
Term
3.       The _____ are the receiving chambers of the heart.
 Definition
ATRIA
Term
4.       The _____ are the discharging chambers of the heart.
 Definition
VENTRICLES
Term
5.       The heart is enclosed within the _____, which is a fibroserous sac.
 Definition
PERICARDIUM
Term
6.       Circulation of blood occurs through the _____ and the _____.
 Definition
HEART; LUNGS
Term
7.       The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body through these 3 places.
 Definition
1) SUPERIOR VENA CAVA, 2) INFERIOR VENA CAVA, 3) CORONARY SINUS
Term
8.       The right ventricle receives deoxygenated blood from the _____, and pumps the blood to the lungs for oxygenation through the _____.
 Definition
RIGHT ATRIUM; PULMONARY TRUNK
Term
9.       The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs through the _____.
 Definition
PULMONARY VEINS
Term
10.   The left ventricle receives blood from the _____. The oxygenated blood of the left ventricle is distributed to the body through the _____.
 Definition
LEFT ATRIUM; AORTA
Term
11.   The right border of the heart can be illustrated by drawing a line with a slight convexity toward the right connecting the _____ and the _____.
 Definition
RIGHT 2ND COSTAL CARTILAGE, RIGHT 6TH COSTAL CARTILAGE
Term
12.   The inferior border of the heart can be illustrated by drawing a line connecting the _____ and the _____ of the midclavicular line.
 Definition
RIGHT 6TH COSTAL CARTILAGE; LEFT 5TH INTERCOSTAL SPACE
Term
13.   The left border of the heart can be illustrated by drawing a line connecting the _____ and the _____ along the left sternal border.
 Definition
LEFT 5TH INTERCOSTAL SPACE; LEFT 2ND COSTAL CARTILAGE
Term
14.   The superior border of the heart can be illustrated by drawing a line connecting the _____ along the sternal border and the _____ along the sternal border.
 Definition
LEFT INFERIOR MARGIN OF THE 2ND COSTAL CARTILAGE; RIGHT INFERIOR MARGIN OF THE 2ND COSTAL CARTILAGE
Term
15.   The heart has these 4 surfaces.
 Definition
1) STERNOCOSTAL, 2) DIAPHRAGMATIC, 3) RIGHT PULMONARY, 4) LEFT PULMONARY
Term
16.   The anterior _____ surface is formed mainly by the right ventricle.
 Definition
STERNOCOSTAL SURFACE
Term
17.   The _____ surface is formed mainly by the left ventricle and partly by the right ventricle.
 Definition
INFERIOR DIAPHRAGMATIC SURFACE
Term
18.   The diaphragmatic surface of the heart is related to the _____.
 Definition
CENTRAL TENDON OF THE DIAPHRAGM
Term
19.   The _____ surface is formed mainly by the right atrium.
 Definition
RIGHT PULMONARY SURFACE
Term
20.   The _____ surface is formed mainly by the left ventricle and left auricle.
 Definition
LEFT PULMONARY SURFACE
Term
21.   The right and left pulmonary surfaces represent the _____ of the heart.
 Definition
RIGHT AND LEFT MARGINS
Term
22.   The _____ margin of the heart is a sharp edge between the anterior surface and the diaphragmatic surface.
 Definition
INFERIOR MARGIN
Term
23.   The inferior margin of the heart is formed by the _____ mostly, and by the _____ near the apex of the heart.
 Definition
RIGHT VENTRICLE, LEFT VENTRICLE
Term
24.   The _____ separates the anterior and left pulmonary surfaces of the heart.
 Definition
OBTUSE MARGIN
Term
25.   The _____ of the heart is formed by the left and right atria and auricles.
 Definition
SUPERIOR BORDER
Term
26.   Posterior to the aorta and pulmonary trunk and anterior to the superior vena cava, the superior border of the heart forms the inferior boundary of the _____.
 Definition
TRANSVERSE PERICARDIAL SINUS
Term
27.   _____ is the anterior chest wall which covers the sternocostal surface of the heart.
 Definition
PRECORDIUM
Term
28.   Percussion of the anterior chest wall reveals a variable area of dullness from the _____ to _____ costal cartilage that extends approximately 3.5cm from the left border to the sternum.
 Definition
4TH TO 6TH
Term
29.   The dull area of percussion corresponds to the part of the sternocostal surface of the heart covered by the _____ and a _____ that is close to the anterior chest wall, and not covered by the left lung.
 Definition
PERICARDIUM, DOUBLE LAYER OF PLEURA
Term
30.   Externally the atria are demarcated from the ventricles by the coronary to atrioventricular groove commonly called the _____.
 Definition
CORONARY SULCUS
Term
31.   The _____ is the major vein of the posterior wall of the heart between the left atrium and left ventricle approximate 3-4cm in length.
 Definition
CORONARY SINUS
Term
32.   The tributaries of the coronary sinus are these 4 veins.
 Definition
1) GREAT CARDIAC VEIN, 2) SMALL CARDIAC VEIN, 3) MIDDLE CARDIAC VEIN, 4) RIGHT AND LEFT MARGINAL VEIN
Term
33.   The coronary sulcus contains these 2 blood vessels.
 Definition
1) CORONARY SINUS AND ITS TRIBUTARIES, 2) CIRCUMFLEX BRANCH OF THE LEFT CORONARY ARTERY
Term
34.   The right and left ventricles are demarcated from each other by the _____.
 Definition
ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR INTERVENTRICULAR GROOVES
Term
35.   The wall of each heart chamber consists of 3 layers which are the _____, _____ and _____.
 Definition
ENDOCARDIUM, MYOCARDIUM, EPICARDIUM
Term
36.   The _____ layer of the heart is the thin internal layer that covers the valves.
 Definition
ENDOCARDIUM
Term
37.   The endocardium is made up of _____ and _____.
 Definition
ENDOTHELIUM, SUBENDOTHELIAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Term
38.   The _____ layer of the heart is a thick helical middle layer composed of cardiac muscle.
 Definition
MYOCARDIUM
Term
39.   The _____ layer of the heart is a thin external layer formed by the visceral layer of serous pericardium.
 Definition
EPICARDIUM
Term
40.   The epicardium of the heart is made up of _____.
 Definition
MESOTHELIUM
Term
41.   The valves of the heart contain cusps which has an inner layer of _____ lined by _____ on both surfaces.
 Definition
FIBROUS TISSUE, ENDOTHELIUM
Term
42.   These 3 valves have 3 cusps.
 Definition
1) RIGHT ATRIOVENTRICULAR, 2) AORTIC, 3) PULMONARY VALVES
Term
43.   The _____ valve has 2 cusps.
 Definition
LEFT ATRIOVENTRICULAR (mitral)
Term
44.   The left atrioventricular valve is also called the _____.
 Definition
MITRAL VALVE
Term
45.   The right atrioventricular valve is also called the _____.
 Definition
TRICUSPID VALVE
Term
46.   Both the aortic and pulmonary valves are called _____.
 Definition
SEMILUNAR VALVES
Term
47.   The pulmonary valve is _____ to the aortic valve.
 Definition
ANTERIOR
Term
48.   The _____ valve is the valve mostly affected by rheumatic heart disease.
 Definition
MITRAL VALVE
Term
49.   The pulmonary valve is located posterior to the _____.
 Definition
LEFT 3RD STERNOCHONDRAL JUNCTION
Term
50.   The aortic valve is located posterior to the midsternal line at the level of the _____.
 Definition
3RD INTERCOSTAL SPACE
Term
51.   The tricuspid valve is located posterior to the midsternal line at the level of the _____.
 Definition
5TH STERNOCOSTAL JUNCTION
Term
52.   The mitral valve is located posterior to the left _____.
 Definition
4TH STERNOCHONDRAL JUNCTION
Term
53.   During auscultation the aortic valve area is the _____ space along the sternal border.
 Definition
RIGHT 2ND INTERCOSTAL SPACE
Term
54.   During auscultation, the pulmonary valve area is at the _____ space along the sternal border.
 Definition
LEFT 3ND INTERCOSTAL SPACE
Term
55.   During auscultation, the tricuspid valve area is at the _____ space along the sternal border.
 Definition
LEFT 5TH INTERCOSTAL SPACE
Term
56.   During auscultation, the mitral valve area is located at the _____ space to the left side of the midclavicular line.
 Definition
LEFT 5TH INTERCOSTAL SPACE
Term
57.   The _____ is where the second heart sound (S2) can be best heard.
 Definition
AORTIC AREA
Term
58.   The _____ is where the 1st heart sound (S1) can be found.
 Definition
TRICUSPID AREA
Term
59.   The _____ area where the second heart sound is found.
 Definition
PULMONARY AREA
Term
60.   The _____ area is where the first heart sound is best heard.
 Definition
MITRAL AREA
Term
61.   _____ is the impulse that results from the apex of the heart being forced against the anterior thoracic wall when the left ventricle contracts.
 Definition
APEX BEAT
Term
62.   The apex beat transmits the closure of the _____.
 Definition
MITRAL VALVE
Term
63.   The _____ is the point at which the apical impulse is most readily seen or felt.
 Definition
POINT OF MAXIMAL IMPULSE (PMI)
Term
64.   The synchronous pumping actions of the hearts two atrioventricular pumps (right and left chambers) constitute the _____.
 Definition
CARDIAC CYCLE
Term
65.   The cardiac cycle begins with a period of ventricular elongation and filling called _____, and ends with a period of ventricular shortening and emptying called _____.
 Definition
DIASTOLE; SYSTOLE
Term
66.   The 1st heart sound is heard upon _____.
 Definition
CLOSURE OF THE MITRAL AND TRICUSPID VALVE
Term
67.   The 2nd heart sound is heard upon _____.
 Definition
CLOSURE OF THE AORTIC AND PULMONARY VALVES
Term
68.   The 3rd heart sound is heard upon _____.
 Definition
INITIAL PART OF VENTRICULAR DIASTOLE AND ATRIAL CONTRACTION
Term
69.   The 4th heart sound is heard upon _____.
 Definition
THE LAST PART OF VENTRICULAR DIASTOLE AND ATRIAL CONTRACTION
Term
70.   The muscle fibers of the heart are anchored to the _____ of the heart.
 Definition
FIBROUS SKELETON
Term
71.   The fibrous skeleton of the heart is a complex frame work of dense collagen, forming _____ fibrous rings.
 Definition
4
Term
72.   The apex of the heart lies posterior to the _____ space in adults, approximately 9cm from the median plane.
 Definition
LEFT 5TH INTERCOSTAL SPACE
Term
73.   The sound at the apex of the heart indicates _____.
 Definition
MITRAL VALVE CLOSURE
Term
74.   _____ is a condition where the heart is located on the opposite side of the thorax (apex is located in the right 5th intercostal space).
 Definition
DEXTROCARDIA
Term
75.   Dextrocardia may be isolated, or may be linked with _____, where other internal organs are transposed.
 Definition
SITUS INVERSUS
Term
76.   Isolated dextrocardia is usually complicated by severe cardiac anomalies such as _____ and _____.
 Definition
SINGLE VENTRICLE, ARTERIAL TRANSPOSITION
Term
77.   The base of the heart is formed mainly by the _____, with a lesser contribution from the _____.
 Definition
LEFT ATRIUM, RIGHT ATRIUM
Term
78.   The base of the heart faces posteriorly toward the bodies of the _____ vertebrae.
 Definition
T6-T9
Term
79.   4 things that separates the base of the heart from the vertebral column.
 Definition
1) PERICARDIUM, 2) OBLIQUE PERICARDIAL SINUS, 3) ESOPHAGUS, 4) AORTA
Term
80.   The heart develops from the fusion of _____.
 Definition
2 ENDOTHELIAL HEART TUBES
Term
81.   The endothelial heart tubes develops from the _____.
 Definition
SPLANCHNOPLEURIC MESODERM
Term
82.   The right atrium has 2 parts which are the _____ and the _____.
 Definition
ROUGH PART AND SMOOTH PART
Term
83.   The _____ part of the right atrium forms from the primitive atrium as represented by the right auricle and pectinate muscles.
 Definition
ROUGH PART
Term
84.   The _____ part of the right atrium develops from the absorption of the sinus venosus.
 Definition
SMOOTH PART
Term
85.   The sinus venosus is represented by the _____, which is the smooth part of the right atrium.
 Definition
SINUS VENARUM
Term
86.   3 structures that open into the sinus venarum.
 Definition
1) SVC, 2) IVC, 3) CORONARY SINUS
Term
87.   3 remnants of the sinus venosus.
 Definition
1) SINUS VENARUM, 2) CORONARY SINUS, 3) OBLIQUE VEIN OF THE LEFT ATRIUM (VEIN OF MARSHAL)
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