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| Normal adult blood pressure |
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range:
• 90/60 to 140/90 (Most |
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high BP the systolic pressure=> 140mmHg.
Or the diastolic pressure =/>90 mmHg. The rest blood pressure is too high. |
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| 120 < the systolic pressure < 139 mmHg, or 80 < the diastolic pressure <89 |
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| – low BP less than 90(systolic) and/or less than 60(diastolic)- |
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a slow (brady) heart rate (cardia).
Heart rate < 60 beats/min. |
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a rapid (tarchy) heart rate (cardia).
The Hart beat > 100 beats/min. |
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| difficult, labord, or painful (dyn) breathing(pnea. Heart disease and anxiety are common cause. |
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| slow (brady) breathing(pnea). Raspirations are fewer than 12/minute. Caused of drug over-dose and nervous systym. |
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| Rapid (tachy)breating(pnea). Respirations are more than 20/minute. Caused of fever, exercise, pain, penancy, airway obstruction, and hypoxemia are common causes. |
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lack or absence (a) of breating (pnea).
It occure sudden cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest. Sleep apnea is another type of apnea. |
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| repiration gradually increase in rate and depth and then become shallow and slow. Breating may stop (apnea) for 10-20sec; casued of drug over-dose heart failure, renal failure, and brian disorders are common cause. |
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| breathing(ventilation) is slow (hypo), shallow, and sometimes irregular : Lung disorders affecting the alveoli are common causes. Ex. Pneumonia, obesity, airway obstruction, and drug side effects. |
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| breating(ventilaion) is rapid (hyper) and deeper than narmal. Caused of asthma, emphysema, anxiety, pain and some drugs. |
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| a reduced amount of (hypo) of oxygen(OX)in blood (emia). |
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cells do not have enough(hypo)oxygen(oxia).
Without enough oxygen, cells can not function properly. |
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| (One of Sings and Symtoms of Hypoxia)Bluish color to the skin, lips, mucous membranes, and nail beds. |
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Deep and rapid respirations
(See Fig.36.2,page 616) |
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| Breahing (pnea) deeply and comfortably only when sitting (ortho). Common causes are emphysema, asthma, angina, and other heart and respiratiory disorder. |
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