Term
| a measure of the rate at which energy is transferred froma beam of radiation to the tissue thorugh which it travels |
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Definition
| Linear Energy Transfer (LET) |
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Term
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Definition
| energy per units of distance |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| a means of measuring the amount of damage caused by equal amounts of different types of radiation |
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Definition
| relative biological effectiveness (RBE) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| ____ diagnostic xrays are the standard against which all other form sof radiation are measured |
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Definition
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Term
| radiation that causes more damage than xray has an RBE of |
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Definition
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Term
| LET and RBE can be controlled by __ |
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Definition
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Term
| always use the ___ kVp that will still produce an acceptable level of contrast |
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Definition
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Term
| when a dose is delivered CONTINUOUSLY at a lower dose rate |
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Definition
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Term
| when a dose is delivered at the same dose rate but in equal fractions |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is less effective than ___ because cells undergo repair and recovery between doses |
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Definition
| fractionated, protraction |
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Term
| calls are more _____ when irradiated in the oxygenated state |
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Definition
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Term
dose necessary under anoxic conditions to produce a given effect
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dose necessary under aerobic conditions to produce the same effect |
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Definition
| Oxygen Enhancement Ratio (OER) |
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Term
| ____ oxygen is sometimes used in oncology to enhance the radiosensitivity of nodular, avascular tumors |
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Definition
| hyperbaric (high pressure) |
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Term
| humans are most radiosensitive |
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Definition
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Term
| human cells ____ recover from radiation damage if the dose is not suffient enough to kill the cell before ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| recovery is assisted through ___ by the ___ cells |
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Definition
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Term
| intracellular repair + repopulation = |
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Definition
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Term
| two types of chemical agents that can modify the radiation response |
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Definition
radiosensitizers
radioprotectors |
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Term
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Definition
halogenated pyrimidines
vitamin K
methotrexate |
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Term
| if 90% of a cell culture killed by 200 rad, then in the prescence of a sensitizing agent, only ___ rad is necessary for the same lethality |
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Definition
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Term
| sulfydryl group such as cysteine and cysteamine |
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Definition
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Term
| radioprotectors are not used in humans because _______ must be administered to be effective |
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Definition
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Term
| if it takes 600 rad to kill a mouse, then in the prescence of a radioprotective agent, ___ rad would be required |
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Definition
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Term
| the theory that a little bit of radiation is good for you, and can stimulate hormonal and immune responses to other toxic environmental agents and extend lifespan |
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Definition
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