Term
The relationship between screen speed and resolution is:
Select one:
a. inverse
b. direct |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The primary controlling factor of density is
Select one:
a. focal spot
b. mAs
c. kVp
d. SID
e. filtration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Any irregularity on an image that is not caused by the proper shadowing of tissue by the primary beam
Select one:
a. artifact
b. elongation
c. foreshortening
d. distortion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following sets of factors will produce the x-ray image with the shortest scale of contrast?
mA time kVp grid
a. 200 .02 85 6:1
b. 300 .10 65 16:1
c. 400 .05 70 8:1
d. 200 .15 75 12:1
Select one:
a. a
b. c
c. d
d. b |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In order to notice a visible change in a film’s density, by how much must the mAs be increased or decreased?
Select one:
a. 30%
b. 15%
c. 20%
d. you must always half or double your mAs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Patient motion will result in a decrease of what on a radiograph?
1. resolution
2. contrast
3. density
Select one:
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 1 and 2
d. 2 and 3
e. 1, 2, and 3 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following will result in the least amount of patient exposure?
Select one:
a. increase kVp, increase mAs
b. decrease kVp, increase mAs
c. decrease kVp, decrease mAs
d. increase kVp, decrease mAs |
|
Definition
| d. increase kVp, decrease mAs |
|
|
Term
A radiograph is produced with too little contrast and excessive radiographic density. Which of the following changes will best correct this error?
Select one:
a. increase the mAs, increase the kVp
b. decrease the mAs, increase the kVp
c. increase the mAs, decrease the kVp
d. decrease the mAs, decrease the kVp |
|
Definition
| d. decrease the mAs, decrease the kVp |
|
|
Term
Using the small filament in the x-ray tube versus using the large filament will result in a:
1. increase in contrast
2. decrease in distortion
3. decrease in density
4. increase in resolution
Select one:
a. 3 only
b. 4 only
c. 1 and 2
d. 2 and 3
e. 1 and 4 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following sets of technical factors will produce a radiograph with the greatest amount of recorded detail?
mAs kVp grid screen focal ss
a. 20 85 8:1 100 1 mm
b. 40 70 12:1 400 2 mm
c. 35 62 6:1 400 1 mm
d. 60 80 10:1 100 2 mm
Select one:
a. c
b. a
c. b
d. d |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The overall blackening on a film best describes
Select one:
a. resolution
b. contrast
c. distortion
d. density |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The amount of magnification on a film is determined by:
Select one:
a. SOD/SID
b. OID/SOD
c. SID/SOD
d. SOD/OID |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When the central ray is perpendicular to the image receptor, but the part is neither perpendicular to the central ray nor parallel to the image receptor, _____ occurs:
Select one:
a. elongation
b. foreshortening |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following factors will increase radiographic contrast?
1. using a slower screen speed
2. decreasing collimation
3. using a higher grid ratio
Select one:
a. 1 only
b. 3 only
c. 1 and 2
d. 2 and 3
e. 1, 2, and 3 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following sets of technical factors will produce a radiograph with the greatest amount of magnification?
mAs kVp SID OID FSS
a. 15 60 140 cm 20 cm 2 mm
b. 30 80 180 cm 20 cm 1 mm
c. 25 70 180 cm 30 cm .3 mm
d. 50 65 100 cm 30 cm .3 mm
Select one:
a. b
b. c
c. a
d. d |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A change in which geometric factor will not effect the magnification of a radiographic image?
Select one:
a. SOD
b. OID
c. focal spot
d. SID |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Recorded detail can be improved by:
Select one:
a. collimation
b. decreasing the SID
c. decreasing the kVp
d. decreasing the phosphor crystal size |
|
Definition
| d. decreasing the phosphor crystal size |
|
|
Term
The utilization of 120 kVp will result in:
Select one:
a. high exposure latitude and short scale contrast
b. low exposure latitude and short scale contrast
c. high exposure latitude and long scale contrast
d. low exposure latitude and long scale contrast |
|
Definition
| c. high exposure latitude and long scale contrast |
|
|
Term
Which of the following has no impact on contrast?
1. kVp
2. focal spot size
3. filtration
4. collimation
Select one:
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 3, and 4
e. 1, 2, 3, and 4 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This type of artifact results in emulsion pickoff, gelatin buildup- sludge and can appear as sharp positive or negative optical density on film
Select one:
a. roller mark
b. dirty rollers
c. chemical fog
d. wet pressure sensitization |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following factors will affect the visibility of detail?
1. OID
2. SID
3. mAs
4. focal spot size
Select one:
a. 1, 2, and 4
b. 3 only
c. 3 and 4
d. 2 and 4
e. 1 and 2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
An increase in radiographic density can result from an increase in:
1. SID
2. kVp
3. mAs
Select one:
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The penetrability of an x-ray beam is determined by
Select one:
a. kVp
b. mAs
c. grid ratio
d. screen speed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
How much a technologist can change or vary an exposure technique without compromising image quality is referred to as:
Select one:
a. latitude
b. contrast
c. quantum mottle
d. resolution |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Recorded detail can be improved by doing the following:
1. increasing the OID
2. increasing the SID
3. decreasing the OID
4. decreasing the focal spot size
Select one:
a. 1 and 2
b. 2 and 3
c. 1, 3, and 4
d. 2, 3, and 4 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What effect does changing the kVp from 70 to 55 have on an image?
Select one:
a. decreases contrast
b. increases contrast
c. produces a low contrast image
d. produces a long scale of contrast |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A reduction in scatter radiation is likely to occur from which of the following:
1. increased kVp
2. decreased collimation
3. increase in grid ratio
4. decrease in tissue volume
Select one:
a. 3 only
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 3 and 4
e. 1, 2, and 4 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following kVp values will produce an x-ray with the shortest scale of contrast?
Select one:
a. 90
b. 75
c. 62
d. 50 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Adding filtration to an x-ray beam will
Select one:
a. increase the average energy of the beam
b. increase the recorded detail
c. increase the contrast
d. increase the density |
|
Definition
| a. increase the average energy of the beam |
|
|
Term
The primary controlling factor of contrast is
Select one:
a. kVp
b. distance
c. mAs
d. filtration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Artifacts from radiation and light fog can be caused by —heat below 68 degrees and 40 to 60 % humidity.
Select one:
True
False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following sets of technical factors will result in a film with the least amount of chance for motion?
Select one:
a. 500 mA, .04 sec, 80 kVp
b. 400 mA, .05 sec, 60 kVp
c. none of the above, they all have the same mAs
d. 100 mA, .2 sec, 65 kVp
e. 200 mA, .1 sec, 75 kVp |
|
Definition
| a. 500 mA, .04 sec, 80 kVp |
|
|
Term
Low kVp produces which of the following?
1. high contrast
2. few gray tones
3. long scale contrast
4. short scale contrast
5. low contrast
6. many gray tones
Select one:
a. 1 only
b. 5 only
c. 3 and 5
d. 1, 2, and 4
e. 3, 5, and 6 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The purpose of mAs is to
Select one:
a. regulate density
b. provide higher contrast
c. increase recorded detail
d. increase x-ray beam penetration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Radiographic contrast can best be described as:
Select one:
a. the overall blackening on a radiograph
b. the difference between densities
c. how black and white an image appears
d. the amount of grayness on a radiograph |
|
Definition
| b. the difference between densities |
|
|
Term
Magnification is another name for:
Select one:
a. resolution
b. penumbra
c. shape distortion
d. size distortion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Electron build up on the emulsion due to low humidity is referred to as static
Select one:
True Correct
False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A film is said to possess excessive radiographic density. This would appear:
Select one:
a. to have poor recorded detail
b. to have excessive contrast
c. darker than normal
d. lighter than normal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A technique chart calls for 10 mAs at 72 kVp for a particular x-ray. An unacceptable image is produced using 10 mAs at 62 kVp; the image is too light. How can this problem best be corrected?
Select one:
a. increase the mAs
b. decrease the kVp
c. decrease the mAs
d. increase the kVp
e. decrease the SID |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given a baseline technique of 200 mA, .1 sec, 70 kVp, 40” SID, 12:1 grid, 400 screen, indicate what effect the following changes will have on contrast:
- mark “A” for increase
- mark “B” for decrease
- mark “C” for no change
80 kVp
100 screen
300 mA .2 sec
16:1 grid |
|
Definition
80 kVp
– b,
100 screen
– c,
300 mA .2 sec
– c,
16:1 grid
– a |
|
|
Term
The white areas on a radiograph are the result of what type of attenuation?
Select one:
a. scatter
b. absorption |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Beam restriction has the following effect on contrast
Select one:
a. decreases the contrast by decreasing the field size
b. increases the contrast by reducing the volume of tissue irradiated
c. increases the contrast by increasing the field size
d. decreases the contrast by reducing the volume of tissue irradiated |
|
Definition
| b. increases the contrast by reducing the volume of tissue irradiated |
|
|
Term
Improper tube, object and image receptor alignment will result in:
Select one:
a. shape distortion
b. motion distortion
c. size distortion
d. lack of recorded detail |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
An AP abdomen is taken using 75 kVp, 40 mAs, 40” SID, 400 screen, 12:1 grid, 1.2 mm focal spot. The kidneys lie 4” from the back of the patient’s body. In addition, the patient’s back is 3” from the bucky. What is the penumbra (focal spot blur) of the kidneys?
Select one:
a. .1 mm
b. .129mm Incorrect
c. .097 mm
d. .25 mm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The first method technologists should use to control voluntary motion:
Select one:
a. restraining devices
b. sandbags
c. adequate communication |
|
Definition
| c. adequate communication |
|
|
Term
An AP abdomen is taken using 75 kVp, 40 mAs, 40” SID, 400 screen, 12:1 grid, 1.2 mm focal spot. The kidneys lie 4” from the back of the patient’s body. In addition, the patient’s back is 3” from the bucky. What is the magnification factor of the kidneys?
Select one:
a. 1.08
b. .825
c. 1.21
d. 1.11 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given a baseline technique of 300 mA, .5 sec, 65 kVp, 48” SID, 10:1 grid, 200 screen, indicate what effect the following changes will have on density:
- mark “A” for increase
- mark “B” for decrease
- mark “C” for no change
72" SID
100 screen
90 kVp
200 mA, .8 secs |
|
Definition
72" SID
– b,
100 screen
– b,
90 kVp
– a,
200 mA, .8 secs
– a |
|
|
Term
An AP abdomen is taken using 75 kVp, 40 mAs, 40” SID, 400 screen, 12:1 grid, 1.2 mm focal spot. The kidneys lie 4” from the back of the patient’s body. In addition, the patient’s back is 3” from the bucky. determine the size of the kidneys on the radiograph. The actual size of the kidneys is 4.1” X 6.2”.
Select one:
a. 4.4" x 6.7"
b. 3.4" x 5.1" Incorrect
c. 4.6" x 6.9"
d. 5.0" x 7.5" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A lack of photons striking an image receptor that results from very fast screens used with low mAs settings causes:
Select one:
a. line pairs per millimeter
b. focal spot blur
c. quantum mottle
d. distortion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
As the SID is increased, the density on the film
Select one:
a. decreases
b. remains the same
c. increases |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Handling artifacts can only occur prior to processing the film.
Select one:
True
False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Given a baseline technique of 400 mA, .02 sec, 62 kVp, 48” SID, x-ray performed tabletop, tube angled 30 degrees caudal, indicate what effect the following changes will have on distortion (size and shape):
- mark “A” for increase
- mark “B” for decrease
- mark “C” for no change
50 kVp
tube perpendicular to the image receptor
x-ray performed in the bucky
20 mAs |
|
Definition
50 kVp
– c,
tube perpendicular to the image receptor
– b,
x-ray performed in the bucky
– a,
20 mAs
– c |
|
|
Term
Given a baseline technique of 300 mA, .1 sec, 75 kVp, 60” SID, 3” OID, 12:1 bucky grid, 400 screen, indicate what effect the following changes will have on recorded detail:
- mark “A” for increase
- mark “B” for decrease
- mark “C” for no change
x-ray performed tabletop
40" SID
70 kVp
100 screen |
|
Definition
x-ray performed tabletop
– a,
40" SID
– b,
70 kVp
– c,
100 screen
– a |
|
|
Term
Calculate the penumbra (focal spot blur) using a .5 mm focal spot, 40” SID, 5” OID
Select one:
a. .07mm
b. 3.5 mm
c. .06 mm
d. 4 mm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
An image that is predominately black and white is said to exhibit this type of contrast:
1. short scale
2. low
3. long scale
4. high
Select one:
a. 1 only
b. 2 and 4
c. 2 and 3
d. 1 and 4
e. 1 and 2 |
|
Definition
|
|
