Term
The ability of a material to emit light is referred to as:
Select one:
a. fluorescence
b. after glow
c. phosphorescence
d. luminescence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When switching from a 10:1 grid to a 12:1 grid, which of the following is true?
Select one:
a. no technical compensations are necessary
b. the mAs must be decreased
c. the mAs must be increased |
|
Definition
| a. no technical compensations are necessary |
|
|
Term
| What is the relationship between the concentration of the crystals and resolution? Select one: a. Indirectly b. No relationship c. Directly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The relationship between mAs and screens is:
Select one:
a. no relationship
b. direct
c. indirect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The following formula % primary radiation transmitted represents: % scatter radiation transmitted
Select one:
a. grid selectivity Correct
b. grid ratio
c. contrast improvement ability
d. grid frequency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The height of the lead strips to the distance between the strips is referred to as:
Select one:
a. Grid selectivity
b. Grid frequency
c. Grid ratio
d. Grid contrast improvement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This component is responsible for directing isotropic light towards the screen:
Select one:
a. Protective
b. Phosphor
c. Base
d. Reflective |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Intensifying screens can have significant impact on:
1. speed
2. contrast
3. latitude
4. resolution
Select one:
a. 1 and 2
b. 2 and 3
c. 1 and 4
d. 1, 2, and 4
e. 1, 2, 3, and 4 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Cross-hatched grids are the most common grids used today.
Select one:
True
False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Phosphorescence is also termed:
Select one:
a. luminescence
b. screen lag
c. after burner
d. screen illuminatio |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the relationship between the size of the crystals and resolution? Select one: a. Direct b. No relationship c. Indirect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The base in a screen is typically composed of:
Select one:
a. gadolinium or lanthanum combined with other compounds
b. crystals
c. fiber
d. polyester plastic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The undesirable absorption of x-ray photons is referred to as:
Select one:
a. Grid absorption
b. Grid selectivity
c. off-level
d. Grid cut-off |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Screens must be cleaned using:
Select one:
a. alcohol
b. All of the above
c. water
d. recommended cleaning solution |
|
Definition
| d. recommended cleaning solution |
|
|
Term
Spectral matching refers to:
Select one:
a. the film's ability to accept the light wavelength that is emitted by the screens
b. the screen's ability to emit a wide range of light wavelengths
c. the intentional mismatching of film and screens
d. the reflective layer's ability to emit light of varying wavelengths |
|
Definition
| a. the film's ability to accept the light wavelength that is emitted by the screens |
|
|
Term
Lines/inch is the definition for:
Select one:
a. Grid selectivity
b. Grid contrast improvement
c. Grid ratio
d. Grid frequency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is/are materials that are used as interspace materials in grids?
1. lead
2. aluminum
3. plastic fiber
4. clear gel
Select one:
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 1 and 3
d. 2 and 3
e. 1, 3, and 4 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is/are errors that can occur with parallel grids?
1. off-center
2. off-level
3. upside down
4. off-focus
Select one:
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 1 and 2
d. 2, 3, and 4
e. 1, 2, 3, and 4 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Compared to calcium tungstate screens which of the following is/are advantage(s) of rare earth screens:
1. faster conversion efficiency
2. lower absorption of x-ray photons
3. less expensive
Select one:
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 1 and 2
d. 2 and 3
e. 1, 2, and 3 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is/are desirable properties of screen phosphors?
1. low atomic number
2. high conversion efficiency
3. phosphorescence
Select one:
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1 and 2
e. 1, 2, and 3 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The average energy of the primary beam is 69.5 keV?
Select one:
True
False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
This coating is designed to absorb the light coming from the emulsion and prevent backscatter, visible light, or reflected light from degrading the image;
Select one:
a. Supercoat
b. Antihalation coat
c. Lead foil
d. Aluminum foil |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The lead content in a grid is greatest with:
Select one:
a. high grid ratios, high frequencies
b. high grid ratios, low frequencies
c. low grid ratios, high frequencies
d. low grid ratios, low frequencies |
|
Definition
| b. high grid ratios, low frequencies |
|
|
Term
A femur x-ray is taken in the department using 15 mAs, 70 kVp and the bucky grid. A portable femur needs to be taken. The only grid you have is a 16:1 grid. What new mAs must you use in order to maintain density?
Select one:
a. 22.5
b. 18
c. 90
d. 12.5 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following grids is constructed to coincide with the divergence of the x-ray beam?
Select one:
a. focused
b. parallel
c. cross-hatched
d. all of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A criss-cross grid with a 6:1 ratio is as effective as a _____ ratio linear grid.
Select one:
a. 6:1
b. 16:1
c. 3:1
d. 12:1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The advantage of rare earth screens over past types of screens is:
Select one:
a. more patient exposure
b. less patient exposure
c. there is no difference in patient exposure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Grids that have lead strips which are situated at 90 degrees to each other are called:
Select one:
a. Focused
b. Parallel
c. Cross hatched
d. Linear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Screens were developed to increase the radiation exposure to patients.
Select one:
True
False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What screen speed is typically used for extremity exams?
Select one:
a. par
b. detail
c. fast |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Match the following:
The conversion factor for a 16:1 grid.
The conversion factor for an 8:1 grid.
The screen speed for a fast screen. |
|
Definition
Answer 1 16:1 grid. – 6
Answer 2 8:1 grid. – 4
Answer 3 fast screen. – 400 |
|
|
Term
What is the relationship between the the thickness of the crystals and resolution?
Select one:
a. No relationship
b. Directly
c. Indirectly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Grids are used for any exam that is performed tabletop.
Select one:
True
False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the purpose of a grid?
Select one:
a. to remove radiation from the primary beam
b. to increase radiographic contrast
c. to decrease the contrast on an image
d. to increase patient exposure |
|
Definition
| b. to increase radiographic contrast |
|
|
Term
Large phosphor crystals will:
1. increase resolution
2. decrease speed
3. increase speed
4. decrease resolution
Select one:
a. 2 only
b. 1 and 2
c. 1 and 3
d. 2 and 4
e. 3 and 4 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A hand x-ray is achieved by using 5 mAs, 55 kVp, and a detail (100 speed) screen. This screen breaks and the only screen available is a 200 speed screen. What new mAs must you use in order to maintain density?
Select one:
a. 10 mAs
b. 5 mAs
c. 20 mAs
d. 2.5 mAs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is/are characteristic(s) of x-ray cassettes:
1. rigid front and back
2. high attenuation
3. may contain a thin piece of lead foil
Select one:
a. 1 only
b. 3 only
c. 1 and 2
d. 1 and 3
e. 1, 2, and 3 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If a grid has a contrast improvement factor of K=1, what does this mean?
Select one:
a. the grid is very effective at removing scatter radiation; an increase in contrast is noted
b. the grid is not very effective at removing scatter radiation; no improvement in contrast is noted
c. none of the above |
|
Definition
| b. the grid is not very effective at removing scatter radiation; no improvement in contrast is noted |
|
|
Term
This type of grid allows the technologist to angle with the long axis of the grid.
Select one:
a. Linear
b. Cross hatched
c. A and B
d. None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
List is order the stages of manufacturing
Mixing
Coating
Crystal production
Ripening |
|
Definition
Answer 1 Crystal production – 1
Answer 2 Ripening – 2
Answer 3 Mixing – 3
Answer 4 Coating – 4 |
|
|
Term
Rare earth screens are composed of:
Select one:
a. gadolinium or lanthanum combined with other compounds
b. zinc sulfide
c. iodine
d. barium lead sulfate |
|
Definition
| a. gadolinium or lanthanum combined with other compounds |
|
|
Term
You have just taken an x-ray using a 200 screen speed system. You repeat the x-ray, but accidentally use a 400 screen speed system. How will this affect your image?
Select one:
a. the image will be darker
b. the image will be lighter
c. this will have no impact on the image |
|
Definition
| a. the image will be darker |
|
|
Term
During portable radiography it is imperative to make sure that the grid remains perpendicular to the x-ray beam. Failure to do so will result in what type of grid error?
Select one:
a. reverse
b. off focused
c. off level
d. upside down |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
An exposure is taken using 25 mAs, 72 kVp, 200 screen speed, 40” SID. The radiograph is acceptable, but the radiologist wants the film repeated with a 100 screen speed system. What new mAs must you use in order to maintain density?
Select one:
a. 100 mAs
b. 32 mAs
c. 50 mAs
d. 25 mAs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the most common grid frequency range in diagnostic radiology?
Select one:
a. 65-85
b. 55-95
c. 85-103
d. 60-196 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
An exposure is made using 5 mAs, 60 kVp, and no grid. The radiograph is repeated using an 8:1 grid. What new mAs is needed in order to maintain density?
Select one:
a. 1.25 mAs
b. 25 mAs
c. 5 mAs
d. 20 mAs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The phosphor layer is next to the base layer.
Select one:
True
False |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
As grid frequency increases, the lead strips are made:
Select one:
a. thicker
b. no change is necessary
c. thinner |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What percentage of the x-ray beam do rare earth screens absorb?
Select one:
a. 50-60 percent
b. 10-20 percent
c. 20-40 percent
d. 100 percent |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following will absorb the greatest amount of radiation
Select one:
a. 12:1
b. 16:1
c. 8:1
d. 10:1 |
|
Definition
|
|
