Term
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Definition
| The body acquires its shape and form from these proteins. Also a source of heat and energy. |
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Term
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Definition
| LET: is the amount of energy transferred on average by incident radiation to an object per unit length of track |
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Term
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Definition
Relative Biologic Effectiveness:
is used to describe the capabilities of radiation with different linear energy transfers to produce a particular biologic reaction |
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Term
| The three levels of biological damage |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| radiation with sufficient energy to cause ionization in the medium through which it is penetrating |
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Term
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Definition
| cell death that occurs when cells die without attempting division during the interphase portion of the cell life cycle |
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Term
Cell survival:
What happens when the dose is increased |
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Definition
| An increase in dose will decrease the survival |
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Term
| Law of Bergonie and Tribendeau |
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Definition
| states that the radiosensitivity of cells is directly proportional to their reproductive activity and inversely proportional to their degree of differentiation |
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Term
| Examples of highly radiosensitive tissue |
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Definition
Gonads
Bone marrow
Embryonic tissue |
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Term
| Examples of moderately radiosensitive tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of low radiosensitive tissue |
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Definition
Muscle
Connective tissue
Central nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
Caused by compton scattering and photoelectric effect.
Ionization of atoms that cause absorption |
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Term
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Definition
| Caused by free radicals that are created by radiation interacting with water |
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Term
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Definition
| Ionizing radiation interacts with DNA macromolecule, transfers energy, and ruptures one of the molecule’s chemical bonds possibly severing one of the sugar-phosphate chain side rails. |
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Term
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Definition
| Further exposure of the affected DNA macromolecule to ionizing radiation can lead to additional breaks in the sugar-phosphate molecular chain. |
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Term
| What are the four subphases of mitosis |
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Definition
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase |
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Term
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Definition
| when the nucleus first divides, followed by the division of the cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
| When irradiated in an oxygenated state, biologic tissue is more sensitive to radiation than when it is exposed to radiation under anoxic low or no oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in each daughter cell to half the number of chromosomes in the parent cell |
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Term
| Two effects of ionizing radiation on DNA |
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Definition
Single-strand break
Double-strand break |
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