Term
| Speed, frequency and wavelength are related by |
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| The energy of radiation with frequency ν is given by |
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| Equation for E when E is in keV and λ in nm |
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| Average energy expended per ion pair in water |
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| Resting mass energy of an electron |
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| Resting mass energy of a proton |
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| Resting mass energy of a neutron? |
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| Relationship between mass and energy. |
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Definition
E = mc2
This can be used to get "m" for a particle if you know E. |
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Joule (J)
Energy does work, work is force times distance, force is mass * acceleration; therefore 1 J = 1 kg*m2 / s2 |
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| Atomic mass unit, equal to 1/12 the mass of a Carbon-12 atom. |
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| 1 AMU equals how much energy? |
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Definition
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Term
| The maximum number of electrons that a shell can hold. |
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Definition
| 2n2 where n is the quantum number of the shell |
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Term
| The energy required to remove an electron completely from an atom? |
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Term
| Binding energy _________ with the number of protons in the nucleus. |
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Definition
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Term
| Outer electron shell of an atom |
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Definition
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Term
| Energy of a characteristic x-ray is given by |
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Definition
| The difference in the electron binding energies of the two shells the electon transitions across. |
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Definition
| probability that an electron transition will result in a characteristic x-ray (ω) |
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Term
| The probability that an electron transition will result in the ejection of an Auger electron? |
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Definition
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Term
| Auger emmisions are more likely in |
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Definition
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Term
| The K-shell fluorescent yield is _____ in soft tissue? |
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Definition
| < 1%, (it basically doesn't happen) |
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Term
| Total number of protons in the nucleus. |
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Definition
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Term
| Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. |
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Definition
| atomic number (Z), ie same number of protons |
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| Nuclides with the same number of neutrons (A-Z) |
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Definition
| Nuclides with the same atomic and mass numbers, but different energy states in the nucleus. |
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Definition
| When a nucleus de-excites and the energy is transferred to an orbital electron causing the electron to be ejected from the atom. |
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Term
| Kinetic energy of a conversion electron |
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Definition
| De-excitation energy of the nucleus minus the binding energy of the conversion electron |
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Definition
| Energy necessary to seperate a nucleus into its constituent parts. |
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Term
| The total energy of bound particles is ________ than the energy of separated free particles. |
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| The difference between the mass of an atom and the total mass of each of its individual components; protons, neutrons and electrons. |
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| when a large atomic nucleus splits into two usually unequal parts |
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Definition
| Combining two light nuclei, results in the release of energy. |
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Term
| When an electron transition occurs, what are the two competing processes to release the extra energy? |
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Definition
| Characteristic x-rays and Auger electrons |
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Term
| Competing processes when a nucleus de-excites. |
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Definition
| Gamma ray emmission and internal conversion |
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Term
| The flourescent yield increases with |
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