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Race N Racism
Blood Types and
32
Anthropology
Undergraduate 4
02/18/2009

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Cards

Term
Natural Selection
Definition

some characteristics affect a species availability to survive

Term
Industrial Revolution happened because
Definition
of overpopulation
Term
Kettlewell
Definition
moth study during Industrial Revolution
Term
Gene Flow
Definition

Exchanges between different population gene pools.  Counters the influence of isolation.  Pop.size + length of contract determine influence.

Term
Genetic Drift
Definition
sampling error resulting in omission of some gene combinations in the next generation.  Most influential in smaller populations.
Term
Positive Assortative Mating
Definition
 in some populations there is a tendency for like to marry like. Physical, cultural, race
Term
Double helix model
Definition

Watson & Crick. Alternating phosphate and sugar molecules.

Attached is an organic base: adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine (Everything we are made of.. the order of these determines what is made.)

Term
AMINO ACID
Definition
Each group of three organic bases
Term
protein
Definition
"building block" of life
Term
IRYTHROCYTE
Definition

- red blood cells transport Oxygen with hemoglobin

Term
LEUKOCYTES
Definition
white blood cells fight infections
Term
PLASMA
Definition

fluid part of the blood :  albumin, fibrinogen (clotting and other clotting factors)

GOBULIN FRACTIONS- GAMMA GLOBULIN- IMMUNOGLOBULIN

Term
1900 LANDSTEINER
Definition
blood from person to person can sometimes be bad.  Different genotypes and phenotypes.  Before Mendel was published.
Term
Antigens in bloodà
Definition
A1, A2, B
Term
Type O
Definition
has no antigens so cannot receive blood from anybody
Term
AB
Definition
Univerasal Recipient
Term
What percentage to blood types show up?
Definition

O- 62.5% B-16% A-21.5%

Term
O: DIFFERENTIAL FERTILITY
Definition
 in a type O female greater chance of fertilization in sperm count carrying type O gene.  Maybe because of females antibodies, which are anti A, so likely hood is greater. 
Term
O types are inclined to what kind of diseases?
Definition
Diegstive
Term
Infectious disease
Definition
: plague, AIDS, chicken pox, zombies, Blood types linkage
Term
Typhoid
Definition
o
Term
E.Coli
Definition
some A some B
Term
Small Pox
Definition

A, chemically and structurally similar to A

Term
Rhesus System
Definition
Second baby, moms blood grew a bunch of new antibodies.. Rhogam anti-serum shot.
Term
what percentage in africa has type HBaHBs blood? what percentage in america? why?
Definition
20 % Africa, 10% African Americans, Malaria.. giving them a higher RELATIVE FITNESS
Term
What kind of thing is Malria? What genus is it? What caries Malaria?
Definition
A protozoan parisite, single celled organism. Plasmodium. a female Anopheles mosquito.
Term
When did the slave trade start n end? How many? where did they go?
Definition
1502-1860s. 10 million. 51% to caribbean, 38% to Brazil, 6% yo US
Term

HBs recession posible reasons.

Definition
interbreeding with Europeans. elimination of selctic variation taht favors HBs
Term
cystic fibrosis
Definition

Cystic fibrosis (also known as CF, mucovoidosis, or mucoviscidosis) is a hereditary disease affecting the exocrine (mucus) glands of the lungs, liver, pancreas, and intestines, causing progressive disability due to multisystem failure.

Thick mucus production results in frequent lung infections. Diminished secretion of pancreatic enzymes is the main cause of poor growth, greasy stools, and deficiency in fat-soluble vitamins. Males can be infertile due to the condition congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens. Often, symptoms of CF appear in infancy and childhood

Term
Phenylketonuria
Definition
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by a deficiency in the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH). This enzyme is necessary to metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine to the amino acid tyrosine. When PAH is deficient, phenylalanine accumulates and is converted into phenylpyruvate (also known as phenylketone), which is detected in the urine.
Term
Tay-Sachs
Definition
All patients with Tay-Sachs disease have a "cherry-red" spot, easily observable by a physician using an ophthalmoscope, in the back of their eyes (the retina).The disease occurs when harmful quantities of a fatty acid derivative called a ganglioside accumulate in the nerve cells of the brain.
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