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Definition
| dominant culture in place; perpetuated by people of minority status |
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Definition
| group set apart from others because of physical differences that denote superiority of inferiority |
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Definition
| genetically distinct subpopulations |
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Definition
| differences are minute across globe people of the same "race" may be more different than those who look different |
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| Social Construction of Race |
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Definition
| attachment of meanings to certain physical characteristics that lead to the different social outcomes |
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Definition
| a group of people who see themselves as a distinct group linked by subjective understanding of common ancestry, shared history, cultural symbols and peoplehood |
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| Aspects of Ethnic Groups (5) |
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Definition
| ancestry; history(shared story); symbols capturing identity; chosen; setting group boundaries |
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| Ethnicity as socially constructed |
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Definition
| tied to cultural characteristics and signify group membership and fosters sense of community among members |
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Term
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Definition
1. Perceived physical differences
2. assigned by outsiders
3. power relations/inequality |
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| Race vs Ethnicity (Ethnicity) |
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Definition
1. Perceived or real cultural distinctions
2. Embraced by the in-group
3. Not necessarily about power/inequality |
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Term
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Definition
| subordinate group whose members have significantly less control or power over their own lives and less resources than the members of the dominant group |
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Term
| Characteristics of a minority group |
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Definition
a) less control/power
b) usually intermarry
c) more conscious
d) supposed visual differential trait
e) ascribed trait |
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Term
| Dominant group characteristics |
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Definition
a) control most of power/resources
b) usually intermarry
c) don't think of themselves as a dominant group
d) culture is normative |
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Term
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Definition
| structured, persistent ranking of people in hierarchy in which people in different layers or strata systematically have unequal amounts of desirable resources, life chances and social influence |
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Term
| Dimensions of stratification (4) |
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Definition
Wealth: what you own-what you owe
Income: money brought in
Power
Prestige-esteem, respect, status |
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Term
| Criteria of stratification (5) |
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Definition
1. Structural (laws, policies, informal norms)
2. Persistent (over generations)
3. Hierarchical
4. Group based
5. Consequential to quality of life |
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Term
| Prejudice vs Discrimination |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| negative beliefs or emotions towards individuals unlink you (micro-level) |
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Definition
| belief that one's race is superior to others (micro-level) |
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Definition
| Differential, harmful treatment of people by an individual (micro-level) |
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| Small Group discrimination |
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Definition
| differential. harmful treament of people byy a small number of people (not generally supported by others-micro level) |
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Term
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Definition
| belief system that asserts the inferiority of certain racial/ethnic groups (pervasive belief); persistent and incorporated into culture (macro-level) |
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Term
| Institutional Discrimination |
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Definition
| pattern of differential, harmful treatment of people that is built into the everyday norms of society (Ex: Jim Crow/Criminal Justice)-macro level |
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Term
| Gunmar Myrdal's "Vicious Cycle" of Prejudice |
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Definition
Dominant group invents racial hierarchy
Inferior Status->Racist beliefs->racial discrimination->Inferior Status |
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Term
| Herbert Blumer's Theory of Racial Prejudice |
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Definition
Racial prejudice is tied to the identification with one's racial group
Racial prejudice is a defense mechanism
perceived threat-> increased racial prejudice |
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Term
| Michel Omi/Howard Winat's Theory of Racial Formation |
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Definition
Racial Hegemony: rule where the dominant racial group controls society with the consent of the minorities
Counter racial hegemonies: Movements organized by the racial minorities that oppose the "common sense" way of life.
Racial Formation: outcome of the tensions between racial hegemonic practices and counter racial hegemonic movements |
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Term
| Eduardo Bonilla-Silva's Theory of Racial Socialized Systems |
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Definition
Racialized social system: society that allocated rewards differentially along racial lines
exists independently of individual level racism
racial ideology guides behaviors
Race is perceived as normal by all of society's members ad people act and believe in ways consistent with their status |
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